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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Screw SL" data-source="post: 15003376" data-attributes="member: 455444">Patriot missile defence                                                                      <img src="http://news.bbcimg.co.uk/media/images/64547000/gif/_64547574_patriot624x382.gif" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />                           The Patriot is an advanced surface-to-air missile system intended to defend against aircraft, cruise and ballistic missiles.         Production began in 1980 and the missile was first deployed  in combat in 1990/91 after Iraq's invasion of Kuwait, though its  performance against Iraqi scud missiles was much less spectacular than  initially claimed.         Since then successive versions of the system have been  upgraded and enhanced giving it a much greater capability against  ballistic missiles. It was again deployed to the Middle East during  Operation Iraqi Freedom in 2003.           Patriot is operated by twelve countries around the world  including the US, the Netherlands, Germany, Japan, Israel, Saudi Arabia,  Kuwait, Taiwan, Greece, Spain, South Korea and the United Arab  Emirates.         The system is based upon wheeled trailers. It is mobile and  can be carried in a C5 Galaxy transport aircraft. Units are  inter-operable so Nato countries can put together a defensive package  and deploy it to a far-flung region, as the Alliance is planning to do  on the Turkish-Syrian border.    Missiles           A Patriot system is made up of four main elements: a radar,  control centre and associated power supply and communications towers,  and launchers on trucks.         The manufacturer says it can take 16 launchers, the US Army uses usually five to eight in a battery.          Each launcher holds four missiles - or 16 in the latest "Pac-3" version.         The launchers can be up to a kilometre away from the radar and control hub, linked by microwave signals.         The trailer-mounted radar is a "phased array" type - it scans  the sky with a narrow beam which flicks between thousands of locations  each second.          If it detects something, up to 62 miles (100 km) away, it focuses on it and relays information about it to the control centre.          It can track up to 100 targets and send guidance data for up to nine missiles.    Automatic fire            The "engagement control station" has three operators, with two radar consoles and a radio link.         The system can be automated, although an operator is able to override it.          When the control computer has decided the best time to  launch, it tells a launcher to fire a missile or missiles - typically  two might be fired at a target in rapid succession because one alone  does not guarantee a hit.           The five-metre-long missiles are supersonic within moments of   leaving the launcher, having taken their initial course from the  control computer, and accelerate to five times the speed of sound.     Tracking            The latest, smaller version of the missile does have a warhead  but is meant to destroy its target primarily by simply hitting it.   It  has its own "seeker" to fine tune its approach to the target.           The older type weighs almost three times as much and has a  range of up to 100 miles (160km).  It uses a more complex process called  "track via missile".           The Patriot missile homes on an electronic signal "painted"  on the target by the radar, and relays its position in relation to the  target back to the radar and on to the control centre.           Updated flight instructions are sent back up to the missile  to guide it to the target. The computer can adjust the missile's fuse,  depending on the target, to decide the best moment to detonate the 198lb  (90kg) warhead.          A drawback to this method is it takes at least nine seconds from launch to become effective. උපුටා ගත්තේ බ්බ්සි එකෙන්..</blockquote>

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