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Message: <blockquote data-quote="crazy man" data-source="post: 8333830" data-attributes="member: 309441">Where Does Commercial Insulin Come From? The first successful insulin preparations came from cows (and later       pigs).   The pancreatic islets and the insulin protein contained within them        were isolated from animals slaughtered for food in a similar but more  complex fashion than       was used by our doctor and med-student duo.   The bovine (cow) and porcine (pig) insulin       were purified,  bottled, and sold.  Bovine and porcine insulin worked very well (and        still do!) for the vast majority of patients, but some could develop  an allergy or other       types of reactions to the foreign protein (a  foreign protein is a protein which is not native       to humans).  In  the 1980's technology had advanced to the point where we could make        human insulin.  The advantage would be that human insulin would have a  much lower chance       of inducing a reaction because it is not a  foreign protein (all humans have the exact same       insulin, so we do  not "see" this as a foreign protein).  The technology which made this        approach possible was the development of recombinant DNA  techniques.  In simple terms,       the human gene which codes for the  insulin protein was cloned (copied) and then put inside of        bacteria.   A number of tricks were performed on this gene to make the  bacteria want to       use it to constantly make insulin.  Big vats of  bacteria now make tons of human insulin.       From this, pharmaceutical  companies can isolate pure human insulin.<a href="http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/diabetes/diabetes-what-insulin" target="_blank">http://www.endocrineweb.com/conditions/diabetes/diabetes-what-insulin</a></blockquote>

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