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Message: <blockquote data-quote="Thilina Sandaruwan" data-source="post: 10213434" data-attributes="member: 131814"> <ul style="text-align: center"> <li data-xf-list-type="ul">Giant  black holes in the centre of galaxies are now spinning faster than at  any time in the history of the universe, scientists also claimed today</li> </ul> Astonishingly beautiful, this is the most detailed image of particle jets erupting from a super-massive black hole yet captured. It  shows a region in the nearby galaxy of Centaurus A that is just under  4.2 light-years across - less than the distance between our sun and the  nearest star. Radio-emitting features as small as 15  light-days can be seen, making this the highest-resolution view of  galactic jets ever made. Scroll down for video <img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/05/24/article-1390367-0C3DC8B300000578-573_634x542.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> Majestic power: Merging X-ray data (blue) from  Nasa's Chandra X-ray Observatory with microwave (orange) and visible  images reveals the jets and radio-emitting lobes emanating from  Centaurus A's central black hole   GIANT BLACK HOLES SPINNING 'FASTER THAN EVER BEFORE' The  giant black holes in the centre of galaxies are on average spinning  faster than at any time in the history of the universe, according to  British astronomers. <img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/05/24/article-1390367-0C3DDE8100000578-560_296x242.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> Dr Alejo Martinez-Sansigre,  of the University of Portsmouth, and Professor Steve Rawlings, of the  University of Oxford, made the discovery by using radio, optical and  X-ray data. They  compared theoretical models of spinning black holes and found their data  observations can explain the population of super-massive black holes  with jets. Using the radio data, they were able to sample the population of black holes, deducing the spread of the power of the jets. By  estimating how they acquire material - the accretion process - the  researchers could then infer how quickly these objects are spinning. The observations also give information on how the spins of super-massive black holes have evolved. In  the past, when the universe was half its the present size, practically  all of the super-massive black holes had very low spins, whereas  nowadays a fraction of them have very high spins.   So on average, super-massive black holes are spinning faster than ever before. The  study suggests that super-massive black holes that grow by swallowing  matter will barely spin, while those that merge with other black holes  will be left spinning rapidly. The research is published in the journal Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.   Lead researcher Cornelia Mueller, from the University of Erlangen-Nuremberg in Germany, said: 'These jets arise as in-falling matter  approaches the black hole, but we don't yet know the details of how they form and maintain themselves.' The image was taken using radio telescopes located throughout the southern hemisphere. Centaurus A contains a super-massive black hole weighing 55million times the sun's mass. Also  known as NGC 5128, it is located about 12million light-years away in  the constellation Centaurus and is one of the first celestial radio  sources identified with a galaxy. Seen  in radio waves, Centaurus A is one of the biggest and brightest objects  in the sky, nearly 20 times the apparent size of a full moon. This is because the  visible galaxy lies nestled between a pair of giant radio-emitting  lobes, each nearly a million light-years long. These lobes are filled with matter streaming from particle jets near the galaxy's central black hole. Astronomers estimate that matter near the base of these jets races outwards at about a third the speed of light. Using an intercontinental array of nine radio telescopes, researchers for the Tanami project - Tracking Active Galactic Nuclei with Austral  Milliarcsecond Interferometry -  were able to effectively zoom into the  galaxy's innermost realm. Roopesh Ojha, from Nasa's Goddard Space Flight Centre in Greenbelt, Maryland, said: 'Advanced computer techniques allow us to combine data from the individual  telescopes to yield images with the sharpness of a single giant  telescope, one nearly as large as Earth itself.' The enormous energy output of galaxies like Centaurus A comes from gas  falling toward a black hole weighing millions of times the sun's mass. Through processes not fully understood, some of this in-falling matter is  ejected in opposing jets at a substantial fraction of the speed of  light. Detailed views of the jet's structure will help astronomers  determine how they form. <img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/05/24/article-1390367-0C3DC73D00000578-590_634x551.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> Close to the Milky Way: Galaxy NGC 5128 - host  of the Centaurus A radio source and located 12million light-years away -  as it appears in visible light The jets strongly interact with  surrounding gas, at times possibly changing a galaxy's rate of star  formation. Jets play an important but poorly understood role in the  formation and evolution of galaxies. Nasa's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has detected a lot of higher-energy radiation from Centaurus A's central region. Researcher Matthias Kadler, of the University of Wuerzburg in Germany, said: This radiation is billions of times more energetic than the radio waves we detect, and exactly where it originates remains a mystery. 'With Tanami, we hope to probe the galaxy's innermost depths to find out.' The study appears in journal Astronomy and Astrophysics. <img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/05/24/article-1390367-0C3DC8BD00000578-330_634x398.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> The giant elliptical galaxy NGC 5128 (left) is  the radio source known as Centaurus A. Vast radio-emitting lobes (shown  as orange in this optical/radio composite) extend nearly a million  light-years from the galaxy <img src="http://i.dailymail.co.uk/i/pix/2011/05/24/article-1390367-0C3DC59E00000578-62_634x358_popup.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> Scientists combined data from nine radio telescopes located on four continents to get the images [YOUTUBE]z8kPIBqokQs[/YOUTUBE] SOURCE : <a href="http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1390367/Black-hole-jets-captured-glory-detailed-image-yet.html#ixzz1NLWCJ5oX" target="_blank">http://www.dailymail.co.uk/sciencetech/article-1390367/Black-hole-jets-captured-glory-detailed-image-yet.html#ixzz1NLWCJ5oX</a></blockquote>

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