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Message: <blockquote data-quote="NiyamaSinhalaya" data-source="post: 4415978" data-attributes="member: 113555">Mental disorderMental disorderFrom Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia  (Redirected from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mental_illness&redirect=no" target="_blank">Mental illness</a>)Jump to: <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_illness#column-one" target="_blank">navigation</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_illness#searchInput" target="_blank">search</a>Mental disorderClassification and external resources<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medical_Subject_Headings" target="_blank">MeSH</a><a href="http://www.nlm.nih.gov/cgi/mesh/2009/MB_cgi?field=uid&term=D001523" target="_blank">D001523</a>A mental disorder or mental illness is a psychological or behavioral pattern that occurs in an individual and is thought to cause distress or disability that is not expected as part of normal development or culture. The recognition and understanding of mental disorders has changed over time and across cultures. Definitions, assessments, and classifications of mental disorders can vary, but guideline criteria listed in the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ICD" target="_blank">ICD</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diagnostic_and_Statistical_Manual_of_Mental_Disorders" target="_blank">DSM</a> and other manuals are widely accepted by <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health_professional" target="_blank">mental health professionals</a>. Categories of diagnoses in these schemes may include <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dissociative_disorders" target="_blank">dissociative disorders</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mood_disorders" target="_blank">mood disorders</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anxiety_disorder" target="_blank">anxiety disorders</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychosis" target="_blank">psychotic</a> disorders, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eating_disorder" target="_blank">eating disorders</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Developmental_disorders" target="_blank">developmental disorders</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Personality_disorder" target="_blank">personality disorders</a>, and many other categories. In many cases there is no single accepted or consistent cause of mental disorders, although they are often explained in terms of a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diathesis-stress_model" target="_blank">diathesis-stress model</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biopsychosocial" target="_blank">biopsychosocial</a> model. Mental disorders have been found to be common, with over a third of people in most countries reporting sufficient criteria at some point in their life. Services for mental disorders may be based in hospitals or in the community. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mental_health_professionals" target="_blank">Mental health professionals</a> diagnose individuals using different methodologies, often relying on case history and interview. <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychotherapy" target="_blank">Psychotherapy</a> and <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Psychiatric_medication" target="_blank">psychiatric medication</a> are two major treatment options, as well as supportive interventions and self-help. Treatment may be involuntary where legislation allows. Several movements campaign for changes to services and attitudes.</blockquote>

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