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Message: <blockquote data-quote="ins" data-source="post: 12218354" data-attributes="member: 13475">SUBNETTING-its to divide an ip block(class a,b,c ..) into smaller networks.the reason to subnet is because a router or a network device can only hold onto less than 500 hosts(PCs).more than 500 hosts create heavy load and the routing will be effected due to high traffic.so for an class A address there are thousands of free addresses (10.0.0.0 -10.255.255.255.)and  a router only can work with 500,so teh rest addresses are wasted..we can subnet the ip address and use it efficiently without wasting valuable ip adresses. its like separating an ip block like class A,B,C logically.vlan-its done in switches.each Vlan have be be assigned into different subnets,a switch is a broadcast device,and its not very secure coz when a pc Asends a message to another pcB,all pcs which are conected into every port  inthat switch gets the message pcA a sent.but only pc b will open since its derected to pcb.so nothing in a switched environment is privateand company may have several departments, like accounts,hr,managements etc..and each dept must be private.or the company can fall into huge trouble.so there are two options..the company can have a switch per deptartment so tyhat it will have 3 different switches (very expensive and a silly step)or it can use VLAN(very cost effective)vlans logically breaks up the switch into different switches,so a switcg can have many vlans which would act as many switchedeg- 3 vlan=3 switches but actally its done in 1 switch</blockquote>

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