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Message: <blockquote data-quote="aragon" data-source="post: 5667593" data-attributes="member: 134516">The world's highest railway,a trip to Shangri-la,qinghai-tibet railway                                                                                              The world's highest railway,a trip to Shangri-la The line includes the Tanggula Pass, which, at 5,072 m (16,640 feet) above sea level, is the world's highest rail track. The 1,338 m Fenghuoshan tunnel is the highest rail tunnel in the world at 4,905 m above sea level. The 4,010-m Guanjiao tunnel is the longest tunnel from Xining to Golmod and the 3,345-m Yangbajing tunnel is the longest tunnel from Golmod to Lhasa. More than 960 km, or over 80% of the Golmud-Lhasa section, is at an altitude of more than 4,000 m. There are 675 bridges, totalling 159.88 km, and about 550 km of the railway is laid on permafrost. The trains are specially built for high altitude environment. and the carriages are specially built and have an oxygen supply for each passenger.   Engineering challenges The Vertical Sectional Diagram of Qinghai-Tibet Railway (Golmud-Lhasa section)There are many technical difficulties for such a railway. About half of the second section was built on barely permanent permafrost. In the summer, the uppermost layer thaws, and the ground becomes muddy. Chinese engineers dealt with this problem by building elevated tracks with foundations sunk deep into the ground, building hollow concrete pipes beneath the tracks to keep the rail bed frozen, and using metal sun shades.[12] Similar to the Trans-Alaska Pipeline System portions of the track are also passively cooled with ammonia based heat exchangers. Kunlun PassThe air in Tibet is much thinner, having 35% to 40% less oxygen than at sea level. Special passenger carriages are used, and several oxygen factories were built along the railway. At this altitude in these latitudes, water in toilets must be heated to prevent freezing. The Chinese government claimed that no construction worker died during the construction due to altitude sickness related diseases. [13] The railway passes the Kunlun Mountains, an earthquake zone. A magnitude 8.1 earthquake struck in 2001. Dozens of earthquake monitors have been installed along the railway.    <img src="http://i284.photobucket.com/albums/ll36/haidian/2006630153420636.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> <img src="http://i284.photobucket.com/albums/ll36/haidian/200612132018139.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> <img src="http://i284.photobucket.com/albums/ll36/haidian/ffc7_b.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> <img src="http://i284.photobucket.com/albums/ll36/haidian/795997.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" /> Give a + rep if you like this post ..... </blockquote>

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