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Message: <blockquote data-quote="sirajstc" data-source="post: 7752872" data-attributes="member: 91140">The Muslims are agreed that the Sunnah of the Prophet Muhammad (may          Allah bless him and grant him peace) is the second of the two revealed          fundamental sources of Islam, after the Glorious Qur'an. The authentic          Sunnah is contained within the vast body of hadeeth literature.<a href="http://www.muslimaccess.com/sunnah/hadeeth/scienceofhadith/aape.html#J1" target="_blank">1</a>.        A hadith (pl. ahadith) is composed of two parts: the matn (text)          and the isnad (chain of reporters). A text may seem to be logical          and reasonable but it needs an authentic isnad with reliable reporters          to be acceptable; 'Abdullah b. al-Mubarak (d. 181 AH), one of the illustrious          teachers of Imam al-Bukhari, said, "The isnad is part of the religion:          had it not been for the isnad, whoever wished to would have said whatever          he liked."<a href="http://www.muslimaccess.com/sunnah/hadeeth/scienceofhadith/aape.html#J2" target="_blank">2</a>.        During the lifetime of the Prophet (may Allah bless him and grant him          peace) and after his death, his Companions (Sahabah) used to refer to          him directly, when quoting his sayings. The Successors (Tabi'un) followed          suit; some of them used to quote the Prophet (may Allah bless him and          grant him peace) through the Companions while others would omit the intermediate          authority - such a hadith was later known as mursal. It was found that          the missing link between the Successor and the Prophet (may Allah bless          him and grant him peace) might be one person, i.e. a Companion, or two          people, the extra person being an older Successor who heard the hadith          from the Companion. This is an example of how the need for the verification          of each isnad arose; Imam Malik (d. 179) said, "The first one to utilise          the isnad was Ibn Shihab al- Zuhri" (d. 124).<a href="http://www.muslimaccess.com/sunnah/hadeeth/scienceofhadith/aape.html#J3" target="_blank">3</a>.        The other more important reason was the deliberate fabrication of ahadith          by various sects which appeared amongst the Muslims, in order to support          their views (see later, under discussion of maudu' ahadith). Ibn Sirin          (d. 110), a Successor, said, "They would not ask about the isnad. But          when the fitnah (trouble, turmoil, esp. civil war) happened, they said:          Name to us your men. So the narrations of the Ahl al-Sunnah (Adherents          to the Sunnah) would be accepted, while those of the Ahl al-Bid'ah (Adherents          to Innovation) would not be accepted."<a href="http://www.muslimaccess.com/sunnah/hadeeth/scienceofhadith/aape.html#J4" target="_blank">4</a>.</blockquote>

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