නැහැ වැරදි කිව්වේ මොනවද වැරදි? කොහොම උනත් ඔය බෝඩ් එකේ ඉන්නේ LTTE සංකේතය නෙවෙයි ලංකාවට අවේනික සතෙක් වෙන Panthera pardus kotiya කියන එක පිලිගන්නවා ඇතිනේ?
බෝඩ් එක කිව්වේ zoo එකේ බෝඩ් එක
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විලි ලැජ්ජාවේ බෑ ටෝයියනේ
- Thread starter Dilwaale
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නැහැ වැරදි කිව්වේ මොනවද වැරදි? කොහොම උනත් ඔය බෝඩ් එකේ ඉන්නේ LTTE සංකේතය නෙවෙයි ලංකාවට අවේනික සතෙක් වෙන Panthera pardus kotiya කියන එක පිලිගන්නවා ඇතිනේ?
බෝඩ් එක කිව්වේ zoo එකේ බෝඩ් එක
මුන්ට බයියෝ කියන්නේ කට කහනවට යැ....කොටියගෙයි,දිවියගෙයි වෙනස දන්නේ නැති එවුන් නේ ඉන්නේ.....Leopard කියන්නෙත්, tiger කියන්නෙත් එකම සතාද?? මලාට ඉස්කෝලේ විද්යාව pass වෙච්ච එකෙක් වෙන්න බහ....
මොනා කරන්ඩද බන් ඒකනේ ඔය මහා බයියට හැම තැනම ඒ අපේ අප්පොච්චි අප්පොච්චි කිය කිය බෙල්ල කැපිච්ච කුකුළෝ වගේ දුවන්නේ. ඉතින් මුන් වගේ රට හරක් මහා බයියට ගොන්නු කරන්න එච්චර වෙලාවක් යන්නේ නෑ. ලංකාවේ තාම රට හරක් ලක්ෂ 58ක් ඉන්නවා. ලේසි නෑ නේද?
ඔන්න ඒ පාර උඹත් පටන් ගත්තද? ඇනිමල් ප්ලැනට් බලපන්. එක්කෝ විකිපීඩියා සර්ච් කරපන් කුකුළෝ
The leopard /ˈlɛpərd/ (Panthera pardus) is one of the five "big cats" in the genus Panthera. It is a member of the Felidae family with a wide range in some parts of sub-Saharan Africa, West Asia, the Middle East, South and Southeast Asia to Siberia.[2]
Compared to other members of the Felidae, the leopard has relatively short legs and a long body with a large skull. It is similar in appearance to the jaguar, but is smaller and more lightly built. Its fur is marked with rosettes similar to those of the jaguar, but the leopard's rosettes are smaller and more densely packed, and do not usually have central spots as the jaguars do. Both leopards and jaguars that are melanistic are known as black panthers.
The leopard's success in the wild is due to its well camouflaged fur, its opportunistic hunting behavior, broad diet and strength to move heavy carcass into trees, its ability to adapt to various habitats ranging from rainforest, steppe to arid and montane areas and to run at speeds up to 58 kilometres per hour (36 mph).[3]
It is listed as Near Threatened on the IUCN Red List because leopard populations are declining in large parts of their range. They are threatened by habitat loss and pest control. Their habitats are fragmented and they are illegally hunted so that their pelts may be sold in wildlife trade for medicinal practices and decoration.[4] They have been extirpated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Kuwait, Syria, Libya, Tunisia and most likely Morocco.[1]
Characteristics[edit]
Leopards show a great diversity in coat color and rosettes patterns. In general, the coat color varies from pale yellow to deep gold or tawny, and is patterned with black rosettes. The head, lower limbs and belly are spotted with solid black. Coat color and patterning are broadly associated with habitat type. Their rosettes are circular in East Africa but tend to be squarer in southern Africa and larger in Asian populations. Their yellow coat tends to be more pale and cream colored in desert populations, more gray in colder climates, and of a darker golden hue in rainforest habitats. Overall, the fur under the belly tends to be lighter coloured and of a softer, downy type. Solid black spots in place of open rosettes are generally seen along the face, limbs and underbelly.[3]
Leopards are agile and stealthy predators. Although they are smaller than most other members of the Panthera genus, they are able to take large prey due to their massive skulls that facilitate powerful jaw muscles. Head and body length is usually between 90 and 165 cm (35 and 65 in). The tail reaches 60 to 110 cm (24 to 43 in) long, around the same length as the tiger's tail and proportionately long for the genus (though snow leopards and the much smaller marbled cats have relatively longer tails).[5][6] Shoulder height is from 45 to 80 cm (18 to 31 in). The muscles attached to the scapula are exceptionally strong, which enhance their ability to climb trees. They are very diverse in size. Males are about 30% larger than females, weighing 30 to 91 kg (66 to 201 lb) compared to 23 to 60 kg (51 to 132 lb) for females. Large males of up to 91 kg (201 lb) have been documented in Kruger National Park in South Africa; however, males in South Africa's coastal mountains average 31 kg (68 lb) and the females from the desert-edge in Somalia average 23 to 27 kg (51 to 60 lb). This wide variation in size is thought to result from the quality and availability of prey found in each habitat.
The leopard's body is comparatively long, and its legs are short.[7] The largest verified leopards weighed 96.5 kg (213 lb) and reached 190 cm (75 in) in head-and-body length. Larger sizes have been reported but are generally considered unreliable.[6][8]
Similar species[edit]
Leopards may sometimes be confused with two other large spotted cats, the cheetah, with which it may co-exist in Africa, and the jaguar, a neotropical species that it does not naturally co-exist with. However, the patterns of spots in each are different: the cheetah has simple black spots, evenly spread; the jaguar has small spots inside the polygonal rosettes; while the leopard normally has rounder, smaller rosettes than those of the jaguar. The cheetah has longer legs and a thinner build that makes it look more streamlined and taller but less powerfully built than the leopard. The jaguar is more similar in build to the leopard but is generally larger in size and has a more muscular, bulky appearance.[17]
Etymology[edit]
In antiquity, a leopard was believed to be a hybrid of a lion and a panther, as is reflected in its name, which is a Greek compound of λέων leōn (lion) and πάρδος pardos (male panther). The Greek word is related to Sanskrit पृदाकु pṛdāku (snake, tiger, panther), and probably derives from a Mediterranean language, such as Egyptian.[18][19]
A panther can be any of several species of large felids: the term can refer to cougars and jaguars in the American continents but (given the European origins of the word) it is largely thought to define the leopard at its source. Black panther refers to leopards with melanistic genes, which are not uncommon in rainforest habitats.[20]
The generic component of its modern scientific designation, Panthera pardus, derives from Latin via Greek πάνθηρ (pánthēr).[21] Folk etymology saw the name as a compound of παν (pan, all) and θηρ (beast).[22] However, it is believed instead to be derived from an Indo-Iranian word meaning "white-yellow, pale"; in Sanskrit, this word's reflex was पाण्डर pāṇḍara, which was derived from पुण्डरीक puṇḍárīka (tiger, among other things), then borrowed into Greek.[19][21]
Taxonomy[edit]
Like all of the feline family, the Panthera genus has been subject to much alteration and debate, and the exact relations between the four species as well as the clouded leopard and snow leopard have not been effectively resolved.
The leopard was among the first animals named under the modern system of biological classification, since it was described by Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the 10th edition of Systema Naturae. Linnaeus placed the leopard under the genus Felis as the binominal Felis pardus.[23] In the 18th and 19th centuries, most naturalists and taxonomists followed his example. In 1816, Lorenz Oken proposed a definition of the genus Panthera, with a subgenus Panthera using Linnaeus' Felis pardus as a type species. But most disagreed with his definition, and until the beginning of the 20th century continued using Felis or Leopardus when describing leopard subspecies.[24] In 1916, Reginald Innes Pocock accorded Panthera generic rank defining Panthera pardus as species.[25]
It is believed that the basal divergence amongst the Felidae family occurred about 11 million years ago. The last common ancestor of the lion, tiger, leopard, jaguar, snow leopard, and clouded leopard is believed to have occurred about 6.37 million years ago. Panthera is believed to have emerged in Asia, with ancestors of the leopard and other cats subsequently migrating into Africa. The researchers suggest that the snow leopard is most closely aligned with the tiger, whereas the leopard possibly has diverged from the Panthera lineage subsequent to these two species, but before the lion and jaguar.[26]
Results of phylogenetic analyses of chemical secretions amongst cats has suggested that the leopard is closely related to the lion.[27] Results of a mitochondrial DNA study carried out later suggest that the leopard is closely related to the snow leopard, which is placed as a fifth Panthera species, Panthera uncia.[28]
Evolution[edit]
Fossils of early leopard ancestors have been found in East Africa and South Asia from the Pleistocene of 2 to 3.5 Ma. The modern leopard is suggested to have evolved in Africa 470,000–825,000 years ago and radiated across Asia 170,000–300,000 years ago.[29]
In Europe, the leopard is known at least since the Pleistocene. Fossil leopard bones and teeth dating from the Pliocene were found in Perrier in France, northeast of London, and in Valdarno in Italy. At 40 sites in Europe fossil bones and dental remains of leopards dating from the Pleistocene were excavated mostly in loess and caves. The sites of these fossil records range from near Lisbon, near Gibraltar, and Santander Province in northern Spain to several sites in France, Switzerland, Italy, Austria, Germany, in the north up to Derby in England, in the east to Přerov in the Czech Republic and the Baranya in southern Hungary.[30] The Pleistocene leopards of Europe can be divided into four subsequent subspecies. The first European leopard subspecies P. p. begoueni is known since the beginning of the early Pleistocene and was replaced about 600,000 years ago by P. p. sickenbergi, which in turn was replaced by P. p. antiqua at around 300,000 years ago. The last form, the Late Pleistocene Ice Age leopard (P. p. spelaea) appeared at the beginning of the Late Pleistocene and survived until about 24,000 years ago in large parts of Europe.[31]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
Leopards have the largest distribution of any wild cat, occurring widely in Africa as well as eastern and southern Asia, although populations have shown a declining trend and are fragmented outside of sub-Saharan Africa. Within sub-Saharan Africa, the species is still numerous and even thriving in marginal habitats where other large cats have disappeared. Populations in North Africa may be extinct.[3] Data on their distribution in Asia are not consistent. Populations in southwest and central Asia are small and fragmented; in the northeast, they are critically endangered. In the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and China, leopards are still relatively abundant. Of the species as a whole, its numbers are greater than those of other Panthera species, all of which face more acute conservation concerns.[1][32]
Leopards are exceptionally adaptable, although associated primarily with savanna and rainforest. Populations thrive anywhere in the species range where grasslands, woodlands, and riverine forests remain largely undisturbed. In the Russian Far East, they inhabit temperate forests where winter temperatures reach a low of −25 °C (−13 °F).[29] They are equally adept surviving in some of the world's most humid rainforests and even semi-arid desert edges.
Leopards in west and central Asia try to avoid deserts, areas with long-duration snow cover and areas that are near urban development.[32] In India, leopard populations sometimes live quite close to human settlements and even in semi-developed areas.[33] Although occasionally adaptable to human disturbances, leopards require healthy prey populations and appropriate vegetative cover for hunting for prolonged survival and thus rarely linger in heavily developed areas.[32][33] Due to the leopard's superlative stealthiness, people often remain unaware that big cats live in nearby areas.[33]
Distribution of subspecies[edit]
Since Carl Linnaeus published his description of a leopard in the Systema Naturae in 1758, as many as 27 leopard subspecies were subsequently described by naturalists from 1794 to 1956. Since 1996, according to DNA analysis carried out in the 1990s, only eight subspecies are considered valid.[34] Later analysis revealed a ninth valid subspecies, the Arabian leopard. Because of limited sampling of African leopards, this number might be an underestimation.[29]
The nine subspecies recognised by IUCN are:[1][29][35]
African leopard (P. p. pardus) (Linnaeus, 1758) inhabits sub-Saharan Africa
Indian leopard (P. p. fusca) (Meyer, 1794) inhabits the Indian Subcontinent
Javan leopard (P. p. melas) (Cuvier, 1809) inhabits Java, Indonesia
Arabian leopard (P. p. nimr) (Hemprich and Ehrenberg, 1833) inhabits the Arabian Peninsula
Amur leopard (P. p. orientalis) (Schlegel, 1857) inhabits the Russian Far East, Korean Peninsula and Northeast China
North-Chinese leopard (P. p. japonensis) (Gray, 1862) inhabits northern China
Persian leopard (P. p. saxicolor) (Pocock, 1927), initially described as Caucasian leopard (P. p. ciscaucasica) (Satunin, 1914), inhabits the Caucasus, Turkmenistan and northern Iran[35]
Indochinese leopard (P. p. delacouri) (Pocock, 1930) inhabits mainland Southeast Asia
]Sri Lankan leopard (P. p. kotiya) (Deraniyagala, 1956) inhabits Sri Lanka
A morphological analysis of characters of leopard skulls implies the validity of two more subspecies:[35]
Anatolian leopard (P. p. tulliana) (Valenciennes, 1856) inhabits Western Turkey
Balochistan leopard (P. p. sindica) (Pocock, 1930) inhabits Pakistan, and possibly also parts of Afghanistan and Iran
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The tiger (Panthera tigris) is the largest cat species, reaching a total body length of up to 3.38 m (11.1 ft) over curves and weighing up to 388.7 kg (857 lb) in the wild. Its most recognisable feature is a pattern of dark vertical stripes on reddish-orange fur with a lighter underside. The species is classified in the genus Panthera with the lion, leopard, jaguar and snow leopard. Tigers are apex predators, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and bovids. They are territorial and generally solitary but social animals, often requiring large contiguous areas of habitat that support their prey requirements. This, coupled with the fact that they are indigenous to some of the more densely populated places on Earth, has caused significant conflicts with humans.
Tigers once ranged widely across Asia, from Turkey in the west to the eastern coast of Russia. Over the past 100 years, they have lost 93% of their historic range, and have been extirpated from southwest and central Asia, from the islands of Java and Bali, and from large areas of Southeast and Eastern Asia. Today, they range from the Siberian taiga to open grasslands and tropical mangrove swamps. The remaining six tiger subspecies have been classified as endangered by IUCN. The global population in the wild is estimated to number between 3,062 and 3,948 individuals, down from around 100,000 at the start of the 20th century, with most remaining populations occurring in small pockets isolated from each other, of which about 2,000 exist on the Indian subcontinent.[4] Major reasons for population decline include habitat destruction, habitat fragmentation and poaching. The extent of area occupied by tigers is estimated at less than 1,184,911 km2 (457,497 sq mi), a 41% decline from the area estimated in the mid-1990s.
Tigers are among the most recognisable and popular of the world's charismatic megafauna. They have featured prominently in ancient mythology and folklore, and continue to be depicted in modern films and literature. They appear on many flags, coats of arms, and as mascots for sporting teams. The tiger is the national animal of Bangladesh, India, Vietnam, Malaysia and South Korea.
Taxonomy and etymology
In 1758, Linnaeus first described the species in his work Systema Naturae under the scientific name Felis tigris.[3] In 1929, the British taxonomist Reginald Innes Pocock subordinated the species under the genus Panthera using the scientific name Panthera tigris.[5]
The word Panthera is probably of Oriental origin and retraceable to the Ancient Greek word panther, the Latin word panthera, the Old French word pantere, most likely meaning "the yellowish animal", or from pandarah meaning whitish-yellow. The derivation from Greek pan- ("all") and ther ("beast") may be folk etymology.[6]
The specific epithet, tigris, as well as the common name, tiger, come from the Middle English tigre and the Old English tigras (a plural word), both used for the animal.[7] These derive from the Old French tigre, itself a derivative of the Latin word tigris and the Greek word tigris. The original source may have been the Persian tigra meaning pointed or sharp and the Avestan tigrhi meaning an arrow, perhaps referring to the speed with which a tiger launches itself at its prey.[8]
Subspecies
There are 10 recognized tiger subspecies. One, the Trinil, became extinct in prehistoric times. The remaining subspecies all survived at least into the mid-20th century; three of these are also considered extinct. Their historical range in Bangladesh, Siberia, Iran, Afghanistan, India, China, and southeast Asia, including three Indonesian islands, is severely diminished today. The modern subspecies are:
Surviving Subspecies of Tiger
Subspecies Description Image
Bengal tiger (P. t. tigris), also called the Indian tiger Lives in India, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh, and is the most common subspecies. In 2011, the total adult population was estimated at 1,520–1,909 in India, 440 in Bangladesh, 155 in Nepal and 75 in Bhutan.[15] It lives in alluvial grasslands, subtropical and tropical rainforests, scrub forests, wet and dry deciduous forests, and mangroves. It is the second-largest of the surviving subspecies. Males attain a total nose-to-tail length of 270 to 310 cm (110 to 120 in) and weigh between 180 to 258 kg (397 to 569 lb), while females range from 240 to 265 cm (94 to 104 in) and 100 to 160 kg (220 to 350 lb).[16][17] In northern India and Nepal, the average is larger; males can weigh up to 235 kilograms (518 lb), while females average 140 kilograms (310 lb).[18] Coat color varies from light yellow to reddish yellow with black stripes.[19] Tigerramki.jpg
Indochinese tiger (P. t. corbetti), also called Corbett's tiger Is found in Cambodia, China, Laos, Burma, Thailand, and Vietnam. In 2010 the total population was estimated at about 350 individuals.[20] Their preferred habitat is forests in mountainous or hilly regions.[16] Males average 108 inches (270 cm) in total length and weigh between 150–195 kg (331–430 lb), while females average 96 inches (240 cm) and 100–130 kg (220–290 lb).[21] Panthera tigris corbetti (Tierpark Berlin) 832-714-(118).jpg
Malayan tiger (P. t. jacksoni) Exclusively found in the southern part of the Malay Peninsula. Was not considered a subspecies in its own right until a 2004 genetic analysis showed that they are distinct in mtDNA and micro-satellite sequences from the Indochinese subspecies.[22] As of 2014 the total population is estimated at fewer than 500 individuals,[23] though a new report from September that year estimated it at between 250 and 340 individuals.[24] Males range in total length from 190–280 cm (75–110 in) and weigh between 47.2 to 129.1 kg (104 to 285 lb), while females range from 180–260 cm (71–102 in) and 24 to 88 kg (53 to 194 lb).[25] Tiger in the water.jpg
Siberian tiger (P. t. altaica), also known as the Amur tiger Inhabits the Amur-Ussuri region of Primorsky Krai and Khabarovsk Krai in far eastern Siberia, with the exception of a small population in Hunchun National Siberian Tiger Nature Reserve in northeastern China, near the border of North Korea.[26][27] In 2005, there were 331–393 adult and subadult Siberian tigers in the region, with a breeding adult population of about 250 individuals. As of 2014, the World Wildlife Fund estimates a total population of 400.[28][29] It is the largest subspecies and ranks among the largest felids ever to have existed. Males have a head and body length of between 190–230 cm (75–91 in) and weigh between 180 to 306 kg (397 to 675 lb), while females average 160–180 cm (63–71 in) and 100 to 167 kg (220 to 368 lb). Tail length is about 60–110 cm (24–43 in).[16] Compared to other subspecies, Siberian tigers have thicker coats, paler hues, and fewer stripes in dark brown instead of black.[19][30][31] Siberian Tiger sf.jpg
South China tiger (P. t. amoyensis), also known as the Amoy or Xiamen tiger Is the most critically endangered subspecies of tiger, and one of the 10 most endangered animals in the world.[31] Despite unconfirmed reports and some evidence of footprints, there has been no confirmed wild sighting in over 25 years, leading experts to consider it "functionally extinct", with the entire known population of roughly 65+ individuals held in captivity.[32][33] It is the second-smallest subspecies. Males range in total length from 230–260 cm (91–102 in) and weigh between 130 to 180 kg (290 to 400 lb), while females range from 220–240 cm (87–94 in) and 100 to 110 kg (220 to 240 lb). The South China tiger is considered to be the most ancient of the tiger subspecies and is distinguished by a particularly narrow skull, long nose, rhombus-like stripes and vivid orange colour.[31] 2012 Suedchinesischer Tiger.JPG
Sumatran tiger (P. t. sumatrae) Found only on the island of Sumatra, and is thus the last surviving of the three Indonesian island subspecies. Listed as a distinct subspecies as of 1998, when genetic testing revealed the presence of unique genetic markers, and is critically endangered.[34] As of 2014 the wild population is estimated at between 400 and 500, seen chiefly in the island's national parks.[35][36] It is the smallest of all living tigers. Males range in total length from 220 to 255 cm (87 to 100 in) and weigh between 100 to 140 kg (220 to 310 lb), while females range between 215 to 230 cm (85 to 91 in) and 75 to 110 kg (165 to 243 lb).[16] Their reduced size is an adaptation to the thick, dense forests and smaller prey in their native habitat. This subspecies also has the darkest coat, with more narrowly spaced stripes and a longer mane and beard.[30][31] Panthera tigris sumatran subspecies.jpg
Extinct Subspecies of Tiger
Subspecies Description Image
Bali tiger (P. t. balica) Was limited to the Indonesian island of Bali. Had a weight of 90–100 kg (200–220 lb) in males and 65–80 kg (143–176 lb) in females.[37] Bali tigers were hunted to extinction; the last Bali tiger, an adult female, is thought to have been killed at Sumbar Kima, West Bali, on 27 September 1937, though there were unconfirmed reports that villagers found a tiger corpse in 1963.[38] The Bali tiger is reported to have had some spots in between its stripes.[31] BaronOscarVojnich3Nov1911Ti.jpg
Caspian tiger (P. t. virgata), also known as the Hyrcanian tiger or Turan tiger Was found in the sparse forest habitats and riverine corridors west and south of the Caspian Sea and east through Central Asia into the Takla-Makan desert of Xinjiang, and had been recorded in the wild until the early 1970s.[39] The Amur tiger is the genetically closest living relative of the Caspian tiger.[40] Panthera tigris virgata.jpg
Javan tiger (P. t. sondaica) Was limited to the island of Java, and had been recorded until the mid-1970s.[41] Javan tigers were larger than Bali tigers; males weighed 100–141 kg (220–311 lb) and females 75–115 kg (165–254 lb).[42] After 1979, no more sightings were confirmed in the region of Mount Betiri.[43] An expedition to Mount Halimun Salak National Park in 1990 did not yield any definite, direct evidence for the continued existence of tigers.[44]
Description
Though similar to a lion's, the lower jaw structure is a reliable indicator of the species.
Tigers have muscular bodies with powerful forelimbs, large heads and long tails. The pelage is dense and heavy; coloration varies between shades of orange and brown with white ventral areas and distinctive vertical black stripes, whose patterns are unique to each individual.[16][48] Their function is likely for camouflage in vegetation such as long grass with strong vertical patterns of light and shade.[48][49] The tiger is one of only a few striped cat species; it is not known why spots are the more common camouflage pattern among felids.[50] The tiger's stripes are also found on the skin, so that if it were to be shaved, its distinctive coat pattern would still be visible. They have a mane-like heavy growth of fur around the neck and jaws and long whiskers, especially in males. The pupils are circular with yellow irises. The small, rounded ears have a prominent white spot on the back, surrounded by black.[16] These false "eyespots", called ocelli, apparently play an important role in intraspecies communication.[51]
The skull is similar to that of the lion, though the frontal region is usually not as depressed or flattened, with a slightly longer postorbital region. The skull of a lion has broader nasal openings. However, due to variation in skulls of the two species, the structure of the lower jaw is a more reliable indicator of species.[52] The tiger also has fairly stout teeth; the somewhat curved canines are the longest among living felids with a crown height of up to 90 mm (3.5 in).[16]
The oldest recorded captive tiger lived for 26 years. A wild specimen, having no natural predators, could in theory live to a comparable age.[53]
Size
A Siberian tiger, one of the tallest subspecies, together with the Bengal tiger are considered the largest living felids.
Tigers are the most variable in size of all big cats, much more so than lions.[54] The Bengal and Siberian subspecies are the tallest at the shoulder and thus considered the largest living felids, ranking with the extinct Caspian tiger among the biggest that ever existed.[55] An average adult male tiger from Northern India or Siberia outweighs an average adult male lion by around 45.5 kg (100 lb).[54] Males vary in total length from 250 to 390 cm (98 to 154 in) and weigh between 90 to 306 kg (198 to 675 lb) with skull length ranging from 316 to 383 mm (12.4 to 15.1 in). Females vary in total length from 200 to 275 cm (79 to 108 in), weigh 65 to 167 kg (143 to 368 lb) with skull length ranging from 268 to 318 mm (10.6 to 12.5 in).[56] In either sex, the tail represents about 0.6 to 1.1 m (24 to 43 in) of total length.[16]
Body size of different populations seems to be correlated with climate—Bergmann's rule—and can be explained by thermoregulation.[16] Large male Siberian tigers can reach a total length of more than 3.5 m (11.5 ft) over curves and 3.3 m (10.8 ft) between pegs, and can weigh up to 306 kg (675 lb). This is considerably larger than the weight of 75 to 140 kg (165 to 309 lb) reached by the smallest living subspecies, the Sumatran tiger. At the shoulder, tigers may variously stand 0.7 to 1.22 m (2.3 to 4.0 ft) tall.[37] The current record weight in the wild was 389 kg (858 lb) for a Bengal tiger shot in 1967.[55][57]
They are a notably sexually dimorphic species, females being consistently smaller than males. The size difference between males and females is proportionally greater in the larger tiger subspecies, with males weighing up to 1.7 times more than females.[58] Males also have wider forepaw pads than females, enabling gender to be told from tracks.[58]
The leopard /ˈlɛpərd/ (Panthera pardus)
The tiger (Panthera tigris)
දැන් පුලුවන්නම් කියපන් ඒක වචනෙක වෙනසක්නේ තියෙන්නේ කියල.....ඉස්කෝලේ ගිහිල්ල සාමාන්ය පෙළ විද්යාව පාස් නම් මේකෙන්ම වෙනස තේරෙනවා...
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මුන්ට දැන් ඕනේ මේ ලංකාවට ආවේනික දිවියා කොටියෙක් කියලා පෙන්නන. කොහොමද ගොඩේ බයියොන්ගේ මොළේ තරම?
Sri Lankan leopard
Animal
The Sri Lankan leopard is a leopard subspecies native to Sri Lanka. Classified as Endangered by IUCN, the population is believed to be declining due to numerous threats including poaching for trade and human-leopard conflicts. Wikipedia
Scientific name: Panthera pardus kotiya
Higher classification: Leopard
Rank: Subspecies
මුන්ට දැන් ඕනේ මේ ලංකාවට ආවේනික දිවියා කොටියෙක් කියලා පෙන්නන. කොහොමද ගොඩේ බයියොන්ගේ මොළේ තරම?
දැන් ඉතින් ලිදේ පැනපන්...!
මුන්ට දැන් ඕනේ මේ ලංකාවට ආවේනික දිවියා කොටියෙක් කියලා පෙන්නන. කොහොමද ගොඩේ බයියොන්ගේ මොළේ තරම?
ඒක උන්ට අදාළ උනාට සත්තුන්ට දාල නැහැනේ බන්....
බයියෝ Homo Neaderthalis
අනිත් මිනිස්සු Homo Sapiens
දැන් ඉතින් ලිදේ පැනපන්...!
උඹ පැනපන් බන් ලිඳේ. කොටියා දිවියා අඳුරන්නේ නෑ ඒ මදිවට පැහැදිළි කරපන් ලු උන් දෙන්නගේ වෙනස, ඉතින් බොලා වගේ උන් මහා බයියට අප්පොච්චි අප්පොච්චි කියන එක පුදුම වෙන්න දෙයක් නෑ.
උත්තර නෑ නේ!..... කොටියා මොකාද දිවියා මොකාද ව්යාග්රයා මොකාද අදුනන් නැතී උඹලත් එක්ක මොන දේශපාලනේද බන්.!
උත්තර නෑ නේ!..... කොටියා මොකාද දිවියා මොකාද ව්යාග්රයා මොකාද අදුනන් නැතී උඹලත් එක්ක මොන දේශපාලනේද බන්.!
උඹලා එක්ක දේශපාලනේ? හිනා ගස්සන්න එපා බන්.
මම දැනගත්තා මු මේ වගේ gon කතාවක් කියයි කියල.....
Panthera කියන්නේ බිලාල කුලයට....එකේ sub class ඒක තමයි දෙවෙනියට තියෙන්නේ...සිංහයාත් panthera ගෙනුස් එකේ තමයි ඉන්නේ....දැන් පුලුවන්නම් කියපන් සිංහයා කියන්නෙත් දිවියටම තමයි කියල......sub class ඒක කොටියාගේ tigris...diviyage panthera...දෙවෙනි නම වෙනස් වුනා kiyanne ඊට පස්සේ කාගේ නම තිබුනත් සත්ව කාණ්ඩ දෙකක් කියලයි.....panthera pardus එකට passe ලංකාවට ආවේනික sub sub class එකක් විදියට තමයි කොටිය කියල handunwanne.....එහෙම දැම්මට දිවිය කොටිය වෙන්නේ නැහැ....පෙනුමෙනුත්,දෙන්න වෙනස්......
ANACONDA ට නම වැටුනේ අපේ මිනිස්සු පිම්බුරෝ දැකල හැදිච්ච henakandaya කියන නමෙන්....අපේ එවුන් පිඹුරාට හෙන කාණ්ඩය කියුවට පිඹුර anaconda වෙන්නේ නැහැ.....ඕකම තමයි මෙතන වෙලා තියෙන්නේ.....copy paste කරලා මෙතන දැම්මට වැඩක් නැහැ දන්නේ මොකක්ද කියල දන්නේ නැත්තම්...
උත්තර නෑ නේ!..... කොටියා මොකාද දිවියා මොකාද ව්යාග්රයා මොකාද අදුනන් නැතී උඹලත් එක්ක මොන දේශපාලනේද බන්.!
buranne nathuwa hitapan bang....type karamin hitiye....dan kiyawapan.....umbata deshapalaneth baha sathwa widyawath baha....