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<blockquote data-quote="WhiteWalker" data-source="post: 22339644" data-attributes="member: 548558"><p><span style="font-size: 15px">Euclid's Postulates</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">1. A straight line segment can be drawn joining any two points.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">2. Any straight line segment can be extended indefinitely in a straight line.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">3. Given any straight line segment, a circle can be drawn having the segment as radius and one endpoint as center.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">4. All right angles are congruent.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">5. If two lines are drawn which intersect a third in such a way that the sum of the inner angles on one side is less than two right angles, then the two lines inevitably must intersect each other on that side if extended far enough. This postulate is equivalent to what is known as the parallel postulate.</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px"></span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">Euclid's fifth postulate cannot be proven as a theorem, although this was attempted by many people. Euclid himself used only the first four postulates ("absolute geometry") for the first 28 propositions of the Elements, but was forced to invoke the parallel postulate on the 29th. In 1823, Janos Bolyai and Nicolai Lobachevsky independently realized that entirely self-consistent "non-Euclidean geometries" could be created in which the parallel postulate did not hold. (Gauss had also discovered but suppressed the existence of non-Euclidean geometries.)</span></p><p></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">Absolute Geometry</span></p><p><span style="font-size: 15px">Geometry which depends only on the first four of Euclid's postulates and not on the parallel postulate. Euclid himself used only the first four postulates for the first 28 propositions of the Elements, but was forced to invoke the parallel postulate on the 29th.</span></p></blockquote><p></p>
[QUOTE="WhiteWalker, post: 22339644, member: 548558"] [SIZE="4"]Euclid's Postulates 1. A straight line segment can be drawn joining any two points. 2. Any straight line segment can be extended indefinitely in a straight line. 3. Given any straight line segment, a circle can be drawn having the segment as radius and one endpoint as center. 4. All right angles are congruent. 5. If two lines are drawn which intersect a third in such a way that the sum of the inner angles on one side is less than two right angles, then the two lines inevitably must intersect each other on that side if extended far enough. This postulate is equivalent to what is known as the parallel postulate. Euclid's fifth postulate cannot be proven as a theorem, although this was attempted by many people. Euclid himself used only the first four postulates ("absolute geometry") for the first 28 propositions of the Elements, but was forced to invoke the parallel postulate on the 29th. In 1823, Janos Bolyai and Nicolai Lobachevsky independently realized that entirely self-consistent "non-Euclidean geometries" could be created in which the parallel postulate did not hold. (Gauss had also discovered but suppressed the existence of non-Euclidean geometries.)[/SIZE] [SIZE="4"]Absolute Geometry Geometry which depends only on the first four of Euclid's postulates and not on the parallel postulate. Euclid himself used only the first four postulates for the first 28 propositions of the Elements, but was forced to invoke the parallel postulate on the 29th.[/SIZE] [/QUOTE]
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