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Message: <blockquote data-quote="amila_90210" data-source="post: 5442922" data-attributes="member: 111009">World Standardized Rules     3.1 TABLES, BALLS, EQUIPMENT  All games described in these rules are designed for tables, balls and equipment meeting the standards prescribed in the BCA Equipment Specifications.   3.2 RACKING THE BALLS  When racking the balls a triangle must be used, and the apex ball is to be spotted on the foot spot. All the balls must be lined up behind the apex ball and pressed together so that they all have contact with each other.   3.3 STRIKING CUE BALL  Legal shots require that the cue ball be struck only with the cue tip. Failure to meet this requirement is a foul.   3.4 CALLING SHOTS  For games of call-shot a player may shoot any ball he chooses, but before he shoots, must designate the called ball and called pocket. He need not indicate any detail such as kisses, caroms, combinations, or cushions (all of which are legal). Any additionally pocketed ball(s) on a legal stroke is counted in the shooter's favor.   3.5 FAILURE TO POCKET A BALL If a player fails to pocket a ball on a legal shot, then the player's inning is over, and it is the opponent's turn at the table.   3.6 LAG FOR BREAK The following procedure is used for the lag for the opening break. Each player should use balls of equal size and weight (preferably cue balls but, when not available, non-striped object balls). With the balls in hand behind the head string, one player to the left and one to the right of the head spot, the balls are shot simultaneously to the foot cushion and back to the head end of the table. The player whose ball is the closest to the innermost edge of the head cushion wins the lag. The lagged ball must contact the foot cushion at least once. Other cushion contacts are immaterial, except as prohibited below. It is an automatic loss of the lag if: (a) The ball crosses into the opponent's half of the table;  (b) The ball fails to contact the foot cushion;  (c) The ball drops into a pocket;  (d) The ball jumps off the table;  (e) The ball touches the long cushion;  (f) The ball rests within the corner pocket and past the nose of the head cushion, or;  (g) The ball contacts the foot rail more than once. If both players violate automatic-loss lag rules, or if the referee is unable to determine which ball is closer, the lag is a tie and is replayed.    3.7 OPENING BREAK SHOT  The opening break shot is determined by either lag or lot. (The lag for break procedure is required for formal competition.) The player winning the lag or lot has the choice of performing the opening break shot or assigning it to the opponent.   3.8 CUE BALL ON OPENING BREAK  The opening break shot is taken with cue ball in hand behind the head string. The object balls are positioned according to specific game rules. On the opening break, the game is considered to have commenced once the cue ball has been struck by the cue tip.   3.9 DEFLECTING THE CUE BALL ON THE GAME'S OPENING BREAK   On the break shot, stopping or deflecting the cue ball after it has crossed the head string and prior to hitting the racked balls is considered a foul and loss of turn. The opponent has the option of receiving cue ball in hand behind the head string or passing the cue ball in hand behind the head string back to the offending player. (Exception: 9-Ball, see rule 5.3: cue ball in hand anywhere on the table). A warning must be given that a second violation during the match will result in the loss of the match by forfeiture. (See Rule 3.28.)   3.10 CUE BALL IN HAND BEHIND THE HEAD STRING This situation applies in specific games whereby the opening break is administered or a player's scratching is penalized by the incoming player having cue ball in hand behind the head string. The incoming player may place the cue ball anywhere behind the head string. The shooting player may shoot at any object ball as long as the base of the object ball is on or below the head string. He may not shoot at any ball, the base of which is above the head string, unless he first shoots the cue ball below the head string and then by hitting a rail causes the cue ball to come back above the head string and hit the object ball. The base of the ball (the point of the ball touching the table) determines whether it is above or below the head string. If the incoming player inadvertently places the cue ball on or below the head string, the referee or the op-posing player must inform the shooting player of improper positioning of the cue ball before the shot is made. If the opposing player does not so inform the shooting player before the shot is made, the shot is considered legal. If the shooting player is informed of improper positioning, he must then reposition the cue ball. If a player positions the cue ball completely and obviously outside the kitchen and shoots the cue ball, it is a foul. (Refer to rule 2.21) When the cue ball is in hand behind the head string, it remains in hand (not in play) until the player strikes the cue ball with his cue tip. The cue ball may be adjusted by the player's hand, cue, etc., so long as it remains in hand. Once the cue ball is in play per the above, it may not be impeded in any way by the player; to do so is to commit a foul. Additionally, if the shot fails to contact a legal object ball or fails to drive the cue ball over the head string, the shot is a foul and the opposing player has ball in hand according to the specific game rules. </blockquote>

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