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Message: <blockquote data-quote="AtulaSiriwardane" data-source="post: 5639115" data-attributes="member: 120286">218 murders (Posibly around 250) including parents...<img src="http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/6/6d/Harold_Shipman_mug_shot.jpg" alt="" class="fr-fic fr-dii fr-draggable " style="" />Harold Frederick "Fred" Shipman<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-0" target="_blank">[1]</a> (14 January 1946 – 13 January 2004) was a British convicted <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serial_killer" target="_blank">serial killer</a> and former <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Physician" target="_blank">doctor</a>. He is the most <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_serial_killers_by_number_of_victims" target="_blank">prolific known serial killer</a> in history with 218 murders being positively ascribed to him, although the real number may be higher. On 31 January 2000, a jury found Shipman guilty of 15 murders. He was sentenced to <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Life_imprisonment" target="_blank">life imprisonment</a> and the judge recommended that he never be released. The whole life tariff was confirmed by the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Home_Secretary" target="_blank">Home Secretary</a> a little over two years later. After his trial, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Shipman_Inquiry" target="_blank">Shipman Inquiry</a>, chaired by Dame <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Janet_Smith_%28judge%29" target="_blank">Janet Smith</a>, decided there was enough evidence to suggest Shipman had probably killed about 250 people, of whom 218 could be positively identified. About 80% of his victims were women. His youngest victim was Peter Lewis, a 41-year-old man.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-1" target="_blank">[2]</a> Much of Britain's legal structure concerning health care and medicine was reviewed and modified as a direct and indirect result of Shipman's crimes, especially after the findings of the Shipman Inquiry, which began on 1 September, 2000 and lasted almost two years. Shipman is the only British doctor found guilty of murdering his patients.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-2" target="_blank">[3]</a> Shipman died on 13 January, 2004, after hanging himself in his cell at <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wakefield_Prison" target="_blank">Wakefield Prison</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Yorkshire" target="_blank">West Yorkshire</a>.     Contents  [hide] <ul> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#Early_life_and_career" target="_blank">1 Early life and career</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#Detection" target="_blank">2 Detection</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#Trial_and_imprisonment" target="_blank">3 Trial and imprisonment</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#Death" target="_blank">4 Death</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#Aftermath" target="_blank">5 Aftermath</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#See_also" target="_blank">6 See also</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#References" target="_blank">7 References</a></li> <li data-xf-list-type="ul"><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#External_links" target="_blank">8 External links</a></li> </ul>     [<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold_Shipman&action=edit&section=1" target="_blank">edit</a>] Early life and career Shipman was born in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nottingham" target="_blank">Nottingham</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nottinghamshire" target="_blank">Nottinghamshire</a>, the son of Vera and Harold Shipman, who was a council <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Truck" target="_blank">lorry</a> driver.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-bookref1-3" target="_blank">[4]</a> His <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Working_class" target="_blank">working class</a> parents were devout <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Methodist" target="_blank">Methodists</a>.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-bookref1-3" target="_blank">[4]</a> Shipman was particularly close to his mother, who died during his teenage years.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-bookref1-3" target="_blank">[4]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-independent1-4" target="_blank">[5]</a> Shipman graduated from <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leeds_School_of_Medicine" target="_blank">Leeds School of Medicine</a> in 1970, and started work at Pontefract General <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Infirmary" target="_blank">Infirmary</a> in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontefract" target="_blank">Pontefract</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Riding_of_Yorkshire" target="_blank">West Riding of Yorkshire</a>. In 1974, he took his first position as a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/General_practitioner" target="_blank">general practitioner</a> (GP) in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Todmorden" target="_blank">Todmorden</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/West_Yorkshire" target="_blank">West Yorkshire</a>. In 1975 he was caught <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forgery" target="_blank">forging</a> prescriptions of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pethidine" target="_blank">pethidine</a> for his own use. He was fined £600, and briefly attended a drug rehabilitation clinic in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/York" target="_blank">York</a>. After a brief spell as medical officer for <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hatfield_College" target="_blank">Hatfield College</a>, <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Durham" target="_blank">Durham</a>, and temporary work for the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Coal_Board" target="_blank">National Coal Board</a>, he became a GP at the Donneybrook Medical Centre in <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hyde,_Greater_Manchester" target="_blank">Hyde, Cheshire</a>, in 1977. Shipman continued working as a GP in Hyde throughout the 1980s and founded his own surgery on Market Street in 1993, becoming a respected member of the community. In 1983, he was interviewed on the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Granada_television" target="_blank">Granada television</a> documentary <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/World_in_Action" target="_blank">World in Action</a> on how the mentally ill should be treated in the community.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-5" target="_blank">[6]</a> [<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Harold_Shipman&action=edit&section=2" target="_blank">edit</a>] Detection In March 1998, Dr. Linda Reynolds of the Brooke Surgery in Hyde—prompted by Deborah Massey from Frank Massey and Son's funeral parlour—expressed concerns to John Pollard, the <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coroner" target="_blank">coroner</a> for the South Manchester District, about the high death rate among Shipman's patients. In particular, she was concerned about the large number of <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cremation" target="_blank">cremation</a> forms for elderly women that he had needed countersigned. She claimed Shipman was, either through negligence or intent, killing his patients. The matter was brought to the attention of the police, who were unable to find sufficient evidence to bring charges; <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#Aftermath" target="_blank">The Shipman Inquiry</a> later blamed the police for assigning inexperienced officers to the case. Between 17 April 1998, when the police abandoned the investigation, and Shipman's eventual arrest, he killed three more people.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-6" target="_blank">[7]</a><a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-7" target="_blank">[8]</a> His last victim was Kathleen Grundy, a former Mayor of Hyde, who was found dead at her home on 24 June 1998. Shipman was the last person to see her alive, and later signed her <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_certificate" target="_blank">death certificate</a>, recording "old age" as cause of death. Grundy's daughter, lawyer Angela Woodruff, became concerned when solicitor Brian Burgess informed her that a <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Will_%28law%29" target="_blank">will</a> had been made, apparently by her mother (although there were doubts about its authenticity). The will excluded her and her children, but left £386,000 to Shipman. Burgess told Woodruff to report it, and went to the police, who began an investigation. Grundy's body was <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burial#Exhumation" target="_blank">exhumed</a>, and when examined found to contain traces of diamorphine (<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heroin" target="_blank">heroin</a>), often used for pain control in terminal cancer patients. Shipman was arrested on 7 September 1998, and was found to own a typewriter of the type used to make the forged will.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-8" target="_blank">[9]</a> The police then investigated other deaths Shipman had certified, and created a list of 15 specimen cases to investigate. They discovered a pattern of his administering lethal <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drug_overdose" target="_blank">overdoses</a> of diamorphine, signing patients' death certificates, and then forging medical records indicating they had been in poor health.<a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harold_Shipman#cite_note-9" target="_blank">[10]</a> Prescription For Murder, a book by journalist <a href="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brian_Masters" target="_blank">Brian Masters</a>, reports two theories on why Shipman forged the will. One is that he wanted to be caught because his life had got out of control, the other that he planned to retire at fifty-five and leave the country.</blockquote>

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