(+18 ) අසම්මත සිංහල වචන
ලෝකයේ ඕනැම ව්යවහාරිත භාෂාවක උප සම්ප්රදායන් දක්නට ලැබේ. නිළ වශයෙන් පිළිගත් ශිෂ්ඨ සම්පන්න ලිඛිත භාෂාවන් මෙන්ම ඉන් පරිභාහිරව අශිෂ්ඨ, ග්රාම්ය, කුණු හරුප හෝ අසභ්ය යනාදී ලෙස සැලකෙන උප සම්ප්රදායන් තිබේ. ප්රාදේශීය වශයෙන් බිඳුන උප ප්රබේදයන්ද තිබෙන අතර ඒ තුළද තවත් උප බේදීම තිබේ. ආයතන වශයෙන් වන උප සම්ප්රදායන්ද දකින්නට තිබේ විශෙෂයෙන්ම විශ්ව විද්යාල ආශ්රිතව මේ බහුලව තිබේ.
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සිංහල භාෂාව සම්බන්ධයෙන්ද මේ තත්වය පොදුය. මේ භාෂා උප ප්රභේදයන් ඇතැමෙකුට කුණුහරුප වූවද තවත් තැනක ව්යවහාරිත සාමාන්ය භාෂාවයි.කෙසේ නමුත් මේ සිංහල භාෂාව කතා කරන මිනිසුන්ගේ වහරේ එන අර්තයන් සහිත භාෂා කොටස්ය.
මේ කිසිවක් කුණු හරුප හෝ ග්රාම්ය යයි කියා හෝ ඉවත දැමිය නොහැක. විකී පීඩිය විශ්ව කොෂයේ අසම්මත සිංහල වචන යනුවෙන් මේ උප භාෂා සම්ප්රදායයන් තුල වන අපූර්ව වචන එකතුවක් එහි ඉංග්රීසි පැහැදිලි කිරීම් සහිතව තිබේ. ඒ තව දුරටත් සම්පූර්ණ විය යුතුව තිබෙන අතර ඒ සඳහා ඔබට වුව දායක විය හැකිය. ඒ සිංහල භාෂාව තව දුරටත් රැක ගැනීම සඳහා මහෝපකාරී වනු ඇත.
සිංහල උප භාශා
සිංහල උප භාශා (දේශීය භාෂාව) යනු බහුල අප්රධාන variations of Sinhala language which is based on the locale (within Island of Sri Lanka) and the social classes and social groups (e.g. University Students). Most of the slang are common across all dialects. However certain slang are restricted to certain social classes or groups.
Sinhala is an Indo-Aryan language and exhibits a marked diglossia between the spoken and written forms. As such, it is also difficult to find instances of colloquial slang, in any form of formal literature. Also certain slang (specially sexual slang and swear words) are considered to be so taboo, that definitions of those words are not found in any public domain literature.
ග්රාම්ය ව්යවහාරය, අපව්යවහාරය, දේවාපහාසය සහ අසභ්ය වචන
Each dialect and within each dialect; regional, class, age and gender differences would lead to unique slang and swear words. Following is a list of potential slang by different categories up until 2007.
Certain slang are used only within certain social groups and sometime not understood outside of that group. For example, Aais Amma (ආයිස් අම්මා) is a slang used by certain segments of the Sri Lankan society to express pleasurable surprise (similar to wow!).
This slang is not picked up by most of the social classes who regard themselves as more refined. Instead they might use Shaa (ෂා)))) to express the same feeling. Within Sri Lankan universities, diverse slang exists, which is only used and understood by the university students and the alumni.
For example Kuppiya (කුප්පිය) which literally means 'small bottle' or 'small lamp' is used to refer to an informal tuition class conducted by a student, who better knows the subject area for a small study group for free of charge. Within the Army, the term Aati (ආටි) is used to refer to artillery shells so that Aati gahanawa (ආටි ගහනවා) means shelling.
These terms such as Kuppia (කුප්පිය) and Aati (ආටි) are mostly not understood outside of the demographic group which uses them.
In this Wikipedia article, only the contemporary sinhala slang commonly understood by larger social groups are listed.
කාරයා
Sinhala language has an all purpose suffix Kaaraya (කාරයා) which when suffixed to a regular noun (which denotes a demographic group, etc), creates an informal and disrespectful reference to a person of that demographic group. Most native speakers of Sinhala liberally use this suffix when they chat informally. However they also make great effort to avoid Kaaraya when they speak in a formal venue.
e.g.
polis-kaaraya (පොලිස්කාරයා) – policeman
thæpel-kaaraya (තැපැල්කාරයා) – postman
mura-kaaraya (මුරකාරයා) - watchman
bora-kaaraya (බෝරාකාරයා) - a Bora Muslim person
American-kaaraya (ඇමෙරිකන්කාරයා) - an American
පොදු උදාහරණය ග්රාම්ය ව්යවහාරය සහ නව වාක්කරණය
Most of below slang are regarded as non-offensive and jovial.
අම්මප/අම්මපා - Used to swear/convince the listener (usually a well-known person). Ammapa? (අම්මප?/අම්මපා?) - Used to express astonishment.
'අම්මට හුඩු / අම්මට උඩු / අම්මට සිරි- Used to express surprise. Concidered non taboo but vulgur. Not supposed to be used in decent company and people who liberally use this in decent company are regarded as less 'classy'
ගල් කරනවා - Sneak something out of its place, shop-lift or steal (small items). (e.g. Methana tibba pæna kawuru hari gal karala (මෙතන තිබ්බ පෑන කවුරු හරි ගල් කරලා) means 'Someone has sneaked out the pen from here'.)
This is not to be confused with Gal Kapanawa (ගල් කපනවා) which has a sexual meaning. (see further below)
ගල්කටස් - Locally made short barrelled firearm or similar improvised weapon used by underworld gangs.
ගැන්සිය - A Gang.
ඉබ්බාට යනවා - Sneaking in without paying. Travelling in public transportation without paying.
ජරාව - Bribe. 'Jarawa denawa' (ජරාව දෙනවා) means to bribe someone.
කඩේ යනවා) or Kade Yawanawa (කඩේ යවනවා) - Literally 'going to the shop' or 'sending to the shop'. Refers to the situation of 'getting used' or 'using' someone. In certain scenarios Kade Yawanawa or Kade Arinawa could mean 'taking for a ride' (deceive or swindle).
කඩුව / කඩ්ඩ) - Literally 'Sword'. Means 'English Language'. (e.g. Kadda siraa num interview eka goda (කඩ්ඩ සිරානම් ඉන්ටවිව් එක ගොඩ) means 'Interview will be a breeze if fluent in English').
Etymology of the term is based on the fact that just like a person wielding a sword skilfully gets and 'undue' advantage in the olden days, nowadays someone displaying a fluency in English gets and 'undue' advantage in most situations.
කිංඩි - Sneer, scornful, ridicule, mockery, scoff (e.g. Mokada nikan kindiyata hinawenne? (මොකද නිකන් කින්ඩියට හිනා වෙන්නේ?) means 'Why are u smiling scornfully?')
Maaru Wenawa (මාරු වෙනවා) - sneaking out
මාටියා ගහනවා) - Grafting of funds.(public or private)
පලයන් යන්න) or Ane palayan bang yanna (අනේ පලයං බං යන්න) - Entire expression literally translates in to 'get outa here' and coincidently (or not so coincidently) it means exactly the same as the English language slang 'get outa here' which means that 'We don't believe you'; not 'Get lost'.
පට්ට) - Extreme. (e.g. 'Patta Aathal' (පට්ට ආතල්) means 'Extremely joyful'.) Patta Gahanawa (පට්ට ගහනවා) means to hit hard, to thrash (as in 'Moowa patta gahanna one karapu wædeta' (මූව පට්ට ගහන්න ඕනෙ කරපු වැඩේට) means 'This one has to be thrashed for that work') or to abuse (as in 'Oya ænduma dæn sathiyakma patta gahala thiyenne' (ඔය ඇඳුම දැන් සතියක්ම පට්ට ගහල තියෙන්නෙ)).
Patta Dawaale (පට්ට දවාලෙ) means 'in broad daylight'.
තෙල් බෙදනවා) or Thela Bedanawa (තෙල බෙදනවා) - Trying to thrust subjective ideology upon others in the pretence of giving advice (used mostly in campuses). 'Thela' (තෙල) alone is used sometimes.
උම්මා - Child's word for a kiss. Derived from the 'sound' of kissing.
වන්ඩිය - Vehicle, and derived from the Tamil word for Vehicle 'Vandi'. Note the term Ladiya (ලඩිය), which means a rickety old vehicle.
වල - Mischievous stuff (e.g. Wala Bahinawa (වල බහිනවා) refers to involving in lot of 'extra curricular' activities or collective misbehavior)
අවටියල් (උඹල මොකක් හරි අවටියල් වැඩක් කරල නේද ආවේ)
සුම්මා (යමක් කිරීමට ඉඩක් නෑ) ඒව කරනව සුම්මා මෙහෙ.
ඩොටේ (Dottey) - Rural areas or countryside. Small villages situated far away from the urban. Hena dotayak (හෙණ ඩොටයක්) or Patta dotak (පට්ට ඩොටක්) means a person, specially referring to a woman who lives in a remote area. Often used to indicate social class (lower or middle). Opposite of "Posh".
අපභාෂාවවෙත සිත යොමු කරවන අවස්ථාව
These slang have a positive connotation.
Aathal (ආතල්) - Happy feeling, state of happiness. Aathal Kedenawa (ආතල් කැඩෙනවා) is used to describe a situation which disturbs the status quo. Moda Aathal (මෝඩ ආතල්, ගොන් ආතල්) TBD.
Ela kiri (එළකිරි) - Literally 'Cow's Milk'. Figuratively, means 'very good quality' or 'great'. This is always used in friendly context. E.g.: when someone is very happy with something, this is used. The word Ela (එළ) is also used as a shortened form. Note the web site www.ElaKiri.com is named after this slang.
(ගින්දර වගේ) - Literally 'Like Fire'. Figuratively, meaning something really good, or really matches the requirements.
(ගොඩ යනවා) - Literally 'Reaching the dry land'. Means 'recover' or acheive the goal. Only Goda (ගොඩ) is also used to give the same meaning. (e.g. Tawa visi pandahak hoyaa gaththoth api goda. (තව විසි පන්දාහක් හොයා ගත්තොත් අපි ගොඩ.) Goda Daagannawa (ගොඩ දාගන්නවා) is used as the opposite to Æna Gannawa (ඇන ගන්නවා). (e.g. Pora kohoma hari mul wataya goda daa gaththa (පොර කොහොම හරි මුල් වටය ගොඩ දා ගත්තා) means 'Somehow he managed to get through the first round').
'(මාරයි) - Surprising.
(සැප කනේ) - Literally 'Pleasure in the ear'. Figuratively means very joyfull
(සිරා) - Serious. Derives from the English word 'Serious'.
(සොමිය) - Happy feeling, state of happiness. (Use of Aathal Eka (ආතල් එක) is preferred over Somiya (සොමිය) in most social circles now.)
Slang refering undesirerable situations
These slang have a negative connotation.
Anaa Gannawa (අනා ගන්නවා) - Literally 'getting mixed up', Anenawa (ඇනෙනවා) - something is getting out of hand, becoming worst or messy. (e.g. Wædi wæda karanna gihin wæde ænuna (වැඩි වැඩ කරන්න ගිහින් වැඩේ ඇනුනා)
Æna Gannawa (ඇන ගන්නවා) - Literally to 'getting pricked', usually refers to the situation of getting rejected or getting failed (exam, love, work etc.). A popular derivative is Ahala Æna Gannawa (අහල ඇන ගන්නවා). (e.g. Pora oya baduwagen keepa parakma ahala ænagena thiyenawa. (පොර ඔය බඩුවගෙන් කීප සැරයක්ම අහලා ඇනගෙන තියෙනවා.) means 'The guy got rejected (of love) by that girl several times.')
Ændenawa (ඇඬෙනවා) - Literally means 'makes me cry'. Used to express a wide range of feelings from sorrow to happiness.
Could also mean 'great' or 'hard to believe' in certain contexts (e.g. Maara lassana baduwak machan, dækkama ændenawa! (මාර ලස්සන බඩුවක් මචං. දැක්කම ඇඬෙනවා!) means 'That's a very pretty girl, and I can't explain the pleasure of seeing her!' or Kiyala wædak næ, traffic eka dækkama ændenawa (කියලා වැඩක් නෑ, ට්රැෆික් එක දැක්කම ඇඬෙනවා) means 'The traffic jam makes me sick')
Anja-bajal (අන්ජ බජල්) - Messy/Complicated/Troublesome
Agna-koros/Angja-koros (අඤ්ඤ කොරොස්) - Incomprehensible
Charter (චාටර්) or Saater (සාටර්) - (with 'r' pronounced) An expression of disrepute or expressing that something or someone is not upto the expectations or standards.
Goo Case (ගූ කේස්) - Messy, problematic or out of hand situation. Wæde Varchas (වැඩේ වර්චස්) is also mockingly used for the same meaning.
Literal meaning of both is Shitty thing. See Goo (ගූ) below. The term Badu Banis (බඩු බනිස්) is used in slightly different situations. It usually says that something which was good has now become screwed up. Since term Goo is treated as vulgur or even tabooo, this expression itself is regarded as vulgur.
Huta-pata (හුට පට) - Complicated series of events that lead mostly to an undesirable situation
Kade (කඩේ) - Literally boutique. Refers to a noisy, uncomfortable or nagging place or situation.
Katuwa (කටුව) or Katta Kanawa (කට්ට කනවා) - Literally 'Prick' or 'eating (fish?) bone'. Unnessorility tedious work or situation. (e.g. Saturday office gihilla mara kattak kanna set unane (සැටඩේ ඔෆිස් ගිහින් මාර කට්ටක් කන්න සෙට් උනානේ)
(නෝන්ඩි) - (Public) embarrassment. Similar to Pal Una (පල් උනා), Kicha Una (කිච උනා) or Sawutthu Una (සවුත්තු උනා).
(මළ පනිනවා) - Means 'Makes angry'. Mala (මළ) in this context means anger. Etimology may have some connection to discharge of excrement, because Mala paninawa (මළ පනිනවා) literally means 'Makes shitting'. I don't think there is a referance to excrement here Ritigala Jayasena 06:06, 27 August 2007 (UTC).
I think that original reference may be literally to excrement. --Lahirs (talk) 04:11, 27 May 2008 (UTC) Thada una (තද උනා) is also used to mean the same.
Yaka Nægga (යකා නැග්ගා) or simply Nægga (නැග්ගා) can mean the same and is used mostly by females. Due to the similar sexual slang for 'erection'; males usually avoid using Nægga (නැග්ගා) to mean the anger, as it can be misinterpreted for having sexual arousal.
Mangnan/Mangjan (මඤ්ඤං) - Disoriented/Incomprehensible. (Also the phrase Karakola Athæriya Wage (කරකවලා අතෑරියා වගේ) is used to mean the same)
Wali (වලි) - Argumentative, disputatious, quarrelsome.
Waliya (වලිය) means the quarrel. Opposite of Wali (වලි) is usually Shape (ෂේප්) (e.g. 'Wali num apith wali, shape num apith shpe' (වලිනම් අපිත් වලි, ෂේප්නම් අපිත් ෂේප්)).
Also note the term Kokka (කොක්ක) (literally 'hook') which also means argumentative, disputatious, but not quarrelsome.
Aiyo Salli (අයියෝ සල්ලි) - Sarcastic response mixed with humor. Occasionally used to express mixed feelings depending on a particular situation.
පුද්ගල ආමන්ත්රන / පුද්ගල හැඳින්වීම්
Refer the section Use of Karaya above, to understand how the term 'karaya' can be used to create a disrespectful reference to any profession.
Moreover simple prefix 'ya' can also be used to create a disrespectful term using the respectful base term. (e.g. Dostara is the respectful slang for a 'Medical Doctor' which is based on the English term. However, Dostaraya (with 'ya' suffix) is a disrespectful or scornful reference to a doctor.
(බං) - General friendly way of addressing a male or female. Mostly used by males to address males (e.g. Mokada ban ke gahanne? (මොකද බන් කෑ ගහන්නේ) means 'Why are you shouting man?'.) This is similar to Indian expression Yarr or Americanism 'man'.
(හෙන්චයියා) - directly derived from the English slang 'Henchman'. Both terms Bataya and Henchaiya are regarded as derogatory.
(චමින්ද) - An euphemism for a very old person. Chaminda is a very common male name which became popular after 1970s. It is highly unlikely for an elderly person born before the second world war to have the name 'Chaminda'. For this reason, it assumed safe to talk about a situation involving an old person, refering to him as 'Chaminda', so that no one suspects that you are talking about an old person. (e.g. In a bus -> Machan oya Baduwata line daane balagena. Passe seat eke inna Chaminda ekige seeya)
Haalparuwa (හාල්පාරුවා) - Useless, undesirable person.
Kabba (කබ්බා) - An inferior or weaker person (Especially in sports, game or an activity which requires skill and experience). plural Kabbo (කබ්බෝ)
Kossa (කොස්සා) or Kochchiya (කොච්චියා) - Disrespectful term to refer to a police constable. The respectful slang would be රාළහාමි which is also used by police officers to refer to fellow officers.
Lokka (ලොක්කා) - Literally 'Big person'. Can be used as a substitute for the slang 'Boss'. Is also used as a jovial but respectful term to address an elderly person.
මචං - Used by males to address a fellow male. Similar to 'Mate' or 'Brother'. Literal meaning (of the original Tamil word) is 'brother-in-law'. 'Machan' (මචං) is rarely used by females to refer to a fellow male (and even rarely to a fellow female) but not regarded as a mainstream usage.
Machan (මචං) is quickly becoming the de-facto standard in addressing same age or same rank peers in most social circles, including office environments. In private sector office environments, 'Machan' (මචං) is especially used by senior person to address a subordinate to create (sometimes, false) sense of equity.
Mætta (මැට්ටා) - A foolish person, an idiot.
Pimpiya (පිමිපියා)- Derived from the English word 'Pimp'. Means the same.
Pora (පොර) - Male, Guy. Note that Baduwa (බඩුව) used in this context alongside with Pora (පොර) is the female form, and does not necessarily have a sexual connotation. (e.g. 'Machan, phone ekata answer kale porakda baduwakda?' (මචං, ෆෝන් එකට ආන්ස(ර්) කළේ පොරක්ද බඩුවක්ද?) means 'Who answered the phone, a guy or a gal?').
However, Baduwa (බඩුව) is also used in a sexist context (see below). The term Buwa has similar meaning to Pora. However, Buwa (බුවා) is not as popular term as Pora (පොර). It has specific uses such as Ela Buwa (එළ බුවා) which means 'cool guy' or 'really good guy'. (See also Ela (එළ)
Sikka (සික්කා) - Disrespectful term for Security Guard. Derived from the same English word.
Simba (සිඹා) - Pervert.
Vesi (වේසි) - Prostitute. See also Gona under Examples of taboo Sexual Slang and Euphemisms section below.
Samanala (සමනල) - A homosexual person. (e.g. 'Dickman's road eke samanala mage langa' (ඩික්මන්ස් රෝඩ් එකේ සමනල මගේ ළඟ) means 'the gay guy of Dickman's road is stalking me.')
ආදර සබඳතා
Slang which is commonly regarded as not taboo is documented in this section. Please refer Examples of Taboo Sexual Slang and Euphemisms for slang which is regarded as taboo.
කෑල්ල) - Literally means 'a piece'. Used to refer to an eye catching girl. Commonly used by young males. (e.g. Sira Kealla- සිරා කෑල්ල). Plural: 'Kæli' (කෑලි)
'කොටුවක් පනිනවා) - Committing adultery or having socially unaccepted relationship.
ලයින් දානවා) - Rather old yet not outdated term which means flirting with or 'hitting on' someone. Usually refers to male activity.
මල් කඩනවා) - To engage in flirtious chit-chat with member(s) of opposite sex. There is popular nick-name Mal Maama (මල් මාමා) which refers to a male person with excessive such behaviours. Also note the term Pæni Halanawa (පැණි හලනවා) which refers to a similar activity and the corresponding nick name Pæniya (පැණියා).
Paana Allanawa (පාන අල්ලනවා) - Literally 'holding the lamp'. Mocking reference to the act of a friend who accompany a person who is going to meet his date, girlfriend, wife, fiancee.
This refers to the act of holding some light to help someone do something in the dark. (e.g. Umba taniyama palayan. Mama paana allanna enna one nehe (උඹ තනියම පලයන්. මම පාන අල්ලන්න එන්න ඕන නැහැ) means 'you go alone to see your date, why do you need me for')
"palance" (පලාන්ස්) පුක පලනව "- have a sexual affair or madinawa ("මදීනව")
ලෝකයේ ඕනැම ව්යවහාරිත භාෂාවක උප සම්ප්රදායන් දක්නට ලැබේ. නිළ වශයෙන් පිළිගත් ශිෂ්ඨ සම්පන්න ලිඛිත භාෂාවන් මෙන්ම ඉන් පරිභාහිරව අශිෂ්ඨ, ග්රාම්ය, කුණු හරුප හෝ අසභ්ය යනාදී ලෙස සැලකෙන උප සම්ප්රදායන් තිබේ. ප්රාදේශීය වශයෙන් බිඳුන උප ප්රබේදයන්ද තිබෙන අතර ඒ තුළද තවත් උප බේදීම තිබේ. ආයතන වශයෙන් වන උප සම්ප්රදායන්ද දකින්නට තිබේ විශෙෂයෙන්ම විශ්ව විද්යාල ආශ්රිතව මේ බහුලව තිබේ.
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සිංහල භාෂාව සම්බන්ධයෙන්ද මේ තත්වය පොදුය. මේ භාෂා උප ප්රභේදයන් ඇතැමෙකුට කුණුහරුප වූවද තවත් තැනක ව්යවහාරිත සාමාන්ය භාෂාවයි.කෙසේ නමුත් මේ සිංහල භාෂාව කතා කරන මිනිසුන්ගේ වහරේ එන අර්තයන් සහිත භාෂා කොටස්ය.
මේ කිසිවක් කුණු හරුප හෝ ග්රාම්ය යයි කියා හෝ ඉවත දැමිය නොහැක. විකී පීඩිය විශ්ව කොෂයේ අසම්මත සිංහල වචන යනුවෙන් මේ උප භාෂා සම්ප්රදායයන් තුල වන අපූර්ව වචන එකතුවක් එහි ඉංග්රීසි පැහැදිලි කිරීම් සහිතව තිබේ. ඒ තව දුරටත් සම්පූර්ණ විය යුතුව තිබෙන අතර ඒ සඳහා ඔබට වුව දායක විය හැකිය. ඒ සිංහල භාෂාව තව දුරටත් රැක ගැනීම සඳහා මහෝපකාරී වනු ඇත.
සිංහල උප භාශා
සිංහල උප භාශා (දේශීය භාෂාව) යනු බහුල අප්රධාන variations of Sinhala language which is based on the locale (within Island of Sri Lanka) and the social classes and social groups (e.g. University Students). Most of the slang are common across all dialects. However certain slang are restricted to certain social classes or groups.
Sinhala is an Indo-Aryan language and exhibits a marked diglossia between the spoken and written forms. As such, it is also difficult to find instances of colloquial slang, in any form of formal literature. Also certain slang (specially sexual slang and swear words) are considered to be so taboo, that definitions of those words are not found in any public domain literature.
ග්රාම්ය ව්යවහාරය, අපව්යවහාරය, දේවාපහාසය සහ අසභ්ය වචන
Each dialect and within each dialect; regional, class, age and gender differences would lead to unique slang and swear words. Following is a list of potential slang by different categories up until 2007.
Certain slang are used only within certain social groups and sometime not understood outside of that group. For example, Aais Amma (ආයිස් අම්මා) is a slang used by certain segments of the Sri Lankan society to express pleasurable surprise (similar to wow!).
This slang is not picked up by most of the social classes who regard themselves as more refined. Instead they might use Shaa (ෂා)))) to express the same feeling. Within Sri Lankan universities, diverse slang exists, which is only used and understood by the university students and the alumni.
For example Kuppiya (කුප්පිය) which literally means 'small bottle' or 'small lamp' is used to refer to an informal tuition class conducted by a student, who better knows the subject area for a small study group for free of charge. Within the Army, the term Aati (ආටි) is used to refer to artillery shells so that Aati gahanawa (ආටි ගහනවා) means shelling.
These terms such as Kuppia (කුප්පිය) and Aati (ආටි) are mostly not understood outside of the demographic group which uses them.
In this Wikipedia article, only the contemporary sinhala slang commonly understood by larger social groups are listed.
කාරයා
Sinhala language has an all purpose suffix Kaaraya (කාරයා) which when suffixed to a regular noun (which denotes a demographic group, etc), creates an informal and disrespectful reference to a person of that demographic group. Most native speakers of Sinhala liberally use this suffix when they chat informally. However they also make great effort to avoid Kaaraya when they speak in a formal venue.
e.g.
polis-kaaraya (පොලිස්කාරයා) – policeman
thæpel-kaaraya (තැපැල්කාරයා) – postman
mura-kaaraya (මුරකාරයා) - watchman
bora-kaaraya (බෝරාකාරයා) - a Bora Muslim person
American-kaaraya (ඇමෙරිකන්කාරයා) - an American
පොදු උදාහරණය ග්රාම්ය ව්යවහාරය සහ නව වාක්කරණය
Most of below slang are regarded as non-offensive and jovial.
අම්මප/අම්මපා - Used to swear/convince the listener (usually a well-known person). Ammapa? (අම්මප?/අම්මපා?) - Used to express astonishment.
'අම්මට හුඩු / අම්මට උඩු / අම්මට සිරි- Used to express surprise. Concidered non taboo but vulgur. Not supposed to be used in decent company and people who liberally use this in decent company are regarded as less 'classy'
ගල් කරනවා - Sneak something out of its place, shop-lift or steal (small items). (e.g. Methana tibba pæna kawuru hari gal karala (මෙතන තිබ්බ පෑන කවුරු හරි ගල් කරලා) means 'Someone has sneaked out the pen from here'.)
This is not to be confused with Gal Kapanawa (ගල් කපනවා) which has a sexual meaning. (see further below)
ගල්කටස් - Locally made short barrelled firearm or similar improvised weapon used by underworld gangs.
ගැන්සිය - A Gang.
ඉබ්බාට යනවා - Sneaking in without paying. Travelling in public transportation without paying.
ජරාව - Bribe. 'Jarawa denawa' (ජරාව දෙනවා) means to bribe someone.
කඩේ යනවා) or Kade Yawanawa (කඩේ යවනවා) - Literally 'going to the shop' or 'sending to the shop'. Refers to the situation of 'getting used' or 'using' someone. In certain scenarios Kade Yawanawa or Kade Arinawa could mean 'taking for a ride' (deceive or swindle).
කඩුව / කඩ්ඩ) - Literally 'Sword'. Means 'English Language'. (e.g. Kadda siraa num interview eka goda (කඩ්ඩ සිරානම් ඉන්ටවිව් එක ගොඩ) means 'Interview will be a breeze if fluent in English').
Etymology of the term is based on the fact that just like a person wielding a sword skilfully gets and 'undue' advantage in the olden days, nowadays someone displaying a fluency in English gets and 'undue' advantage in most situations.
කිංඩි - Sneer, scornful, ridicule, mockery, scoff (e.g. Mokada nikan kindiyata hinawenne? (මොකද නිකන් කින්ඩියට හිනා වෙන්නේ?) means 'Why are u smiling scornfully?')
Maaru Wenawa (මාරු වෙනවා) - sneaking out
මාටියා ගහනවා) - Grafting of funds.(public or private)
පලයන් යන්න) or Ane palayan bang yanna (අනේ පලයං බං යන්න) - Entire expression literally translates in to 'get outa here' and coincidently (or not so coincidently) it means exactly the same as the English language slang 'get outa here' which means that 'We don't believe you'; not 'Get lost'.
පට්ට) - Extreme. (e.g. 'Patta Aathal' (පට්ට ආතල්) means 'Extremely joyful'.) Patta Gahanawa (පට්ට ගහනවා) means to hit hard, to thrash (as in 'Moowa patta gahanna one karapu wædeta' (මූව පට්ට ගහන්න ඕනෙ කරපු වැඩේට) means 'This one has to be thrashed for that work') or to abuse (as in 'Oya ænduma dæn sathiyakma patta gahala thiyenne' (ඔය ඇඳුම දැන් සතියක්ම පට්ට ගහල තියෙන්නෙ)).
Patta Dawaale (පට්ට දවාලෙ) means 'in broad daylight'.
තෙල් බෙදනවා) or Thela Bedanawa (තෙල බෙදනවා) - Trying to thrust subjective ideology upon others in the pretence of giving advice (used mostly in campuses). 'Thela' (තෙල) alone is used sometimes.
උම්මා - Child's word for a kiss. Derived from the 'sound' of kissing.
වන්ඩිය - Vehicle, and derived from the Tamil word for Vehicle 'Vandi'. Note the term Ladiya (ලඩිය), which means a rickety old vehicle.
වල - Mischievous stuff (e.g. Wala Bahinawa (වල බහිනවා) refers to involving in lot of 'extra curricular' activities or collective misbehavior)
අවටියල් (උඹල මොකක් හරි අවටියල් වැඩක් කරල නේද ආවේ)
සුම්මා (යමක් කිරීමට ඉඩක් නෑ) ඒව කරනව සුම්මා මෙහෙ.
ඩොටේ (Dottey) - Rural areas or countryside. Small villages situated far away from the urban. Hena dotayak (හෙණ ඩොටයක්) or Patta dotak (පට්ට ඩොටක්) means a person, specially referring to a woman who lives in a remote area. Often used to indicate social class (lower or middle). Opposite of "Posh".
අපභාෂාවවෙත සිත යොමු කරවන අවස්ථාව
These slang have a positive connotation.
Aathal (ආතල්) - Happy feeling, state of happiness. Aathal Kedenawa (ආතල් කැඩෙනවා) is used to describe a situation which disturbs the status quo. Moda Aathal (මෝඩ ආතල්, ගොන් ආතල්) TBD.
Ela kiri (එළකිරි) - Literally 'Cow's Milk'. Figuratively, means 'very good quality' or 'great'. This is always used in friendly context. E.g.: when someone is very happy with something, this is used. The word Ela (එළ) is also used as a shortened form. Note the web site www.ElaKiri.com is named after this slang.
(ගින්දර වගේ) - Literally 'Like Fire'. Figuratively, meaning something really good, or really matches the requirements.
(ගොඩ යනවා) - Literally 'Reaching the dry land'. Means 'recover' or acheive the goal. Only Goda (ගොඩ) is also used to give the same meaning. (e.g. Tawa visi pandahak hoyaa gaththoth api goda. (තව විසි පන්දාහක් හොයා ගත්තොත් අපි ගොඩ.) Goda Daagannawa (ගොඩ දාගන්නවා) is used as the opposite to Æna Gannawa (ඇන ගන්නවා). (e.g. Pora kohoma hari mul wataya goda daa gaththa (පොර කොහොම හරි මුල් වටය ගොඩ දා ගත්තා) means 'Somehow he managed to get through the first round').
'(මාරයි) - Surprising.
(සැප කනේ) - Literally 'Pleasure in the ear'. Figuratively means very joyfull
(සිරා) - Serious. Derives from the English word 'Serious'.
(සොමිය) - Happy feeling, state of happiness. (Use of Aathal Eka (ආතල් එක) is preferred over Somiya (සොමිය) in most social circles now.)
Slang refering undesirerable situations
These slang have a negative connotation.
Anaa Gannawa (අනා ගන්නවා) - Literally 'getting mixed up', Anenawa (ඇනෙනවා) - something is getting out of hand, becoming worst or messy. (e.g. Wædi wæda karanna gihin wæde ænuna (වැඩි වැඩ කරන්න ගිහින් වැඩේ ඇනුනා)
Æna Gannawa (ඇන ගන්නවා) - Literally to 'getting pricked', usually refers to the situation of getting rejected or getting failed (exam, love, work etc.). A popular derivative is Ahala Æna Gannawa (අහල ඇන ගන්නවා). (e.g. Pora oya baduwagen keepa parakma ahala ænagena thiyenawa. (පොර ඔය බඩුවගෙන් කීප සැරයක්ම අහලා ඇනගෙන තියෙනවා.) means 'The guy got rejected (of love) by that girl several times.')
Ændenawa (ඇඬෙනවා) - Literally means 'makes me cry'. Used to express a wide range of feelings from sorrow to happiness.
Could also mean 'great' or 'hard to believe' in certain contexts (e.g. Maara lassana baduwak machan, dækkama ændenawa! (මාර ලස්සන බඩුවක් මචං. දැක්කම ඇඬෙනවා!) means 'That's a very pretty girl, and I can't explain the pleasure of seeing her!' or Kiyala wædak næ, traffic eka dækkama ændenawa (කියලා වැඩක් නෑ, ට්රැෆික් එක දැක්කම ඇඬෙනවා) means 'The traffic jam makes me sick')
Anja-bajal (අන්ජ බජල්) - Messy/Complicated/Troublesome
Agna-koros/Angja-koros (අඤ්ඤ කොරොස්) - Incomprehensible
Charter (චාටර්) or Saater (සාටර්) - (with 'r' pronounced) An expression of disrepute or expressing that something or someone is not upto the expectations or standards.
Goo Case (ගූ කේස්) - Messy, problematic or out of hand situation. Wæde Varchas (වැඩේ වර්චස්) is also mockingly used for the same meaning.
Literal meaning of both is Shitty thing. See Goo (ගූ) below. The term Badu Banis (බඩු බනිස්) is used in slightly different situations. It usually says that something which was good has now become screwed up. Since term Goo is treated as vulgur or even tabooo, this expression itself is regarded as vulgur.
Huta-pata (හුට පට) - Complicated series of events that lead mostly to an undesirable situation
Kade (කඩේ) - Literally boutique. Refers to a noisy, uncomfortable or nagging place or situation.
Katuwa (කටුව) or Katta Kanawa (කට්ට කනවා) - Literally 'Prick' or 'eating (fish?) bone'. Unnessorility tedious work or situation. (e.g. Saturday office gihilla mara kattak kanna set unane (සැටඩේ ඔෆිස් ගිහින් මාර කට්ටක් කන්න සෙට් උනානේ)
(නෝන්ඩි) - (Public) embarrassment. Similar to Pal Una (පල් උනා), Kicha Una (කිච උනා) or Sawutthu Una (සවුත්තු උනා).
(මළ පනිනවා) - Means 'Makes angry'. Mala (මළ) in this context means anger. Etimology may have some connection to discharge of excrement, because Mala paninawa (මළ පනිනවා) literally means 'Makes shitting'. I don't think there is a referance to excrement here Ritigala Jayasena 06:06, 27 August 2007 (UTC).
I think that original reference may be literally to excrement. --Lahirs (talk) 04:11, 27 May 2008 (UTC) Thada una (තද උනා) is also used to mean the same.
Yaka Nægga (යකා නැග්ගා) or simply Nægga (නැග්ගා) can mean the same and is used mostly by females. Due to the similar sexual slang for 'erection'; males usually avoid using Nægga (නැග්ගා) to mean the anger, as it can be misinterpreted for having sexual arousal.
Mangnan/Mangjan (මඤ්ඤං) - Disoriented/Incomprehensible. (Also the phrase Karakola Athæriya Wage (කරකවලා අතෑරියා වගේ) is used to mean the same)
Wali (වලි) - Argumentative, disputatious, quarrelsome.
Waliya (වලිය) means the quarrel. Opposite of Wali (වලි) is usually Shape (ෂේප්) (e.g. 'Wali num apith wali, shape num apith shpe' (වලිනම් අපිත් වලි, ෂේප්නම් අපිත් ෂේප්)).
Also note the term Kokka (කොක්ක) (literally 'hook') which also means argumentative, disputatious, but not quarrelsome.
Aiyo Salli (අයියෝ සල්ලි) - Sarcastic response mixed with humor. Occasionally used to express mixed feelings depending on a particular situation.
පුද්ගල ආමන්ත්රන / පුද්ගල හැඳින්වීම්
Refer the section Use of Karaya above, to understand how the term 'karaya' can be used to create a disrespectful reference to any profession.
Moreover simple prefix 'ya' can also be used to create a disrespectful term using the respectful base term. (e.g. Dostara is the respectful slang for a 'Medical Doctor' which is based on the English term. However, Dostaraya (with 'ya' suffix) is a disrespectful or scornful reference to a doctor.
(බං) - General friendly way of addressing a male or female. Mostly used by males to address males (e.g. Mokada ban ke gahanne? (මොකද බන් කෑ ගහන්නේ) means 'Why are you shouting man?'.) This is similar to Indian expression Yarr or Americanism 'man'.
(හෙන්චයියා) - directly derived from the English slang 'Henchman'. Both terms Bataya and Henchaiya are regarded as derogatory.
(චමින්ද) - An euphemism for a very old person. Chaminda is a very common male name which became popular after 1970s. It is highly unlikely for an elderly person born before the second world war to have the name 'Chaminda'. For this reason, it assumed safe to talk about a situation involving an old person, refering to him as 'Chaminda', so that no one suspects that you are talking about an old person. (e.g. In a bus -> Machan oya Baduwata line daane balagena. Passe seat eke inna Chaminda ekige seeya)
Haalparuwa (හාල්පාරුවා) - Useless, undesirable person.
Kabba (කබ්බා) - An inferior or weaker person (Especially in sports, game or an activity which requires skill and experience). plural Kabbo (කබ්බෝ)
Kossa (කොස්සා) or Kochchiya (කොච්චියා) - Disrespectful term to refer to a police constable. The respectful slang would be රාළහාමි which is also used by police officers to refer to fellow officers.
Lokka (ලොක්කා) - Literally 'Big person'. Can be used as a substitute for the slang 'Boss'. Is also used as a jovial but respectful term to address an elderly person.
මචං - Used by males to address a fellow male. Similar to 'Mate' or 'Brother'. Literal meaning (of the original Tamil word) is 'brother-in-law'. 'Machan' (මචං) is rarely used by females to refer to a fellow male (and even rarely to a fellow female) but not regarded as a mainstream usage.
Machan (මචං) is quickly becoming the de-facto standard in addressing same age or same rank peers in most social circles, including office environments. In private sector office environments, 'Machan' (මචං) is especially used by senior person to address a subordinate to create (sometimes, false) sense of equity.
Mætta (මැට්ටා) - A foolish person, an idiot.
Pimpiya (පිමිපියා)- Derived from the English word 'Pimp'. Means the same.
Pora (පොර) - Male, Guy. Note that Baduwa (බඩුව) used in this context alongside with Pora (පොර) is the female form, and does not necessarily have a sexual connotation. (e.g. 'Machan, phone ekata answer kale porakda baduwakda?' (මචං, ෆෝන් එකට ආන්ස(ර්) කළේ පොරක්ද බඩුවක්ද?) means 'Who answered the phone, a guy or a gal?').
However, Baduwa (බඩුව) is also used in a sexist context (see below). The term Buwa has similar meaning to Pora. However, Buwa (බුවා) is not as popular term as Pora (පොර). It has specific uses such as Ela Buwa (එළ බුවා) which means 'cool guy' or 'really good guy'. (See also Ela (එළ)
Sikka (සික්කා) - Disrespectful term for Security Guard. Derived from the same English word.
Simba (සිඹා) - Pervert.
Vesi (වේසි) - Prostitute. See also Gona under Examples of taboo Sexual Slang and Euphemisms section below.
Samanala (සමනල) - A homosexual person. (e.g. 'Dickman's road eke samanala mage langa' (ඩික්මන්ස් රෝඩ් එකේ සමනල මගේ ළඟ) means 'the gay guy of Dickman's road is stalking me.')
ආදර සබඳතා
Slang which is commonly regarded as not taboo is documented in this section. Please refer Examples of Taboo Sexual Slang and Euphemisms for slang which is regarded as taboo.
කෑල්ල) - Literally means 'a piece'. Used to refer to an eye catching girl. Commonly used by young males. (e.g. Sira Kealla- සිරා කෑල්ල). Plural: 'Kæli' (කෑලි)
'කොටුවක් පනිනවා) - Committing adultery or having socially unaccepted relationship.
ලයින් දානවා) - Rather old yet not outdated term which means flirting with or 'hitting on' someone. Usually refers to male activity.
මල් කඩනවා) - To engage in flirtious chit-chat with member(s) of opposite sex. There is popular nick-name Mal Maama (මල් මාමා) which refers to a male person with excessive such behaviours. Also note the term Pæni Halanawa (පැණි හලනවා) which refers to a similar activity and the corresponding nick name Pæniya (පැණියා).
Paana Allanawa (පාන අල්ලනවා) - Literally 'holding the lamp'. Mocking reference to the act of a friend who accompany a person who is going to meet his date, girlfriend, wife, fiancee.
This refers to the act of holding some light to help someone do something in the dark. (e.g. Umba taniyama palayan. Mama paana allanna enna one nehe (උඹ තනියම පලයන්. මම පාන අල්ලන්න එන්න ඕන නැහැ) means 'you go alone to see your date, why do you need me for')
"palance" (පලාන්ස්) පුක පලනව "- have a sexual affair or madinawa ("මදීනව")
