More on the Mexican Alien....

[imhotep]

Note the following now in the newsmedia....

Scientists working with the National Laboratory of Mass Spectrometry with Accelerators at the National Autonomous University of Mexico (NAUM) put the bodies through a battery of tests, including an analysis of DNA and 3D X-rays.

This is a good first step for confirmation, but is by no means equivocal evidence.

The NAUM did not immediately respond to a request for comment.

"Of course it was all made up," said Julieta Fierro, a scientist at the Institute of Astronomy at the NAUM.

Professor Fierro also pointed out that carbon-14 dating, which was used to determine the age of the specimens, would not be useful if the creatures were from another planet.

Their chemistry would be different and another method required to analyse their true age.

Lastly, she mentioned that getting an alien from Peru through customs to Mexico would be a rather difficult process.

 

[olu bakka]

Professor Fierro also pointed out that carbon-14 dating, which was used to determine the age of the specimens, would not be useful if the creatures were from another planet.

Their chemistry would be different and another method required to analyse their true age.

Why? If there was carbon 14 in its body then it's the same carbon 14 we know. How the heck is chemistry could be different from plant to planet?

 

[imhotep]

Why? If there was carbon 14 in its body then it's the same carbon 14 we know. How the heck is chemistry could be different from plant to planet?

Yes... Carbon14 will be the same everywhere. But please read on how the Carbon14 dating works.

 

[olu bakka]

Yes... Carbon14 will be the same everywhere. But please read on how the Carbon14 dating works.

Enlighten me
As I know, after someone's or something's death carbon 14 starts to decay.

 

[topkollek]

Why? If there was carbon 14 in its body then it's the same carbon 14 we know. How the heck is chemistry could be different from plant to planet?

Here's how carbon-14 ends up in our bodies:

1. Formation in the Atmosphere: Carbon-14 is continuously formed in the Earth's upper atmosphere as a result of cosmic rays interacting with nitrogen. When a cosmic ray neutron collides with a nitrogen-14 atom, it creates a carbon-14 atom and a hydrogen atom.
2. Incorporation into Carbon Dioxide: The newly formed carbon-14 is oxidized to carbon dioxide (¹⁴CO₂), which gets mixed with the stable isotopes of carbon dioxide (¹²CO₂) in the atmosphere.
3. Uptake by Plants: Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. As a result, they incorporate both stable carbon (¹²C) and radioactive carbon (¹⁴C) into their tissues.
4. Consumption by Animals and Humans: When animals eat plants (or other animals that have eaten plants), they incorporate the carbon from the plants into their own bodies. Similarly, when humans consume plants or animals, they take in carbon, including carbon-14. This is why both plant-eaters and meat-eaters have carbon-14 in their bodies.
5. Decay and Replacement: Carbon-14 is radioactive, and over time, it decays back to nitrogen-14 at a known rate (its half-life is about 5,730 years). However, as long as a living organism is consuming food, it's also taking in fresh carbon-14, which replenishes the decaying isotope. When an organism dies, it no longer takes in carbon, and the carbon-14 in its tissues continues to decay without being replaced. This is the basis for carbon dating: measuring the amount of carbon-14 left in a sample can help estimate when the organism died.

In summary, every living organism on Earth, including humans, contains a small but measurable amount of carbon-14, which is continuously replenished throughout its life.

 

[imhotep]

Enlighten me
As I know, after someone's or something's death carbon 14 starts to decay.

See how it affects the results even on the Earth... (coped from my yesterday's reply on another post)

"There are other factors too. The C14 isn't created at a constant rate. The Solar activity (Cosmic Rays) and also because of the above ground nuclear testing the Earth's atmospheric radiocarbon levels almost doubled from 1955 to 1963. Since then it has dropped back to the previous levels.
However there are established methods for applying a correction using a calibration technique. This is where the calBP unit is used.
For recent human bodies it's noted that for teeth formed after 1965, enamel radiocarbon content predicted year of birth within 1.5 years.

Also modern radio carbon dating uses a different technique - AMS - Accelerator Mass Spectrometry which is an ultra-sensitive analytical technique based on the use of an ion accelerator as a powerful mass spectrometer. The equipment itself is expensive but even a small sample of bone (less than 1 gram) is quite sufficient."

@topkollek has replied on how Carbon14 dating works.

 

[priyade]

Here's how carbon-14 ends up in our bodies:

1. Formation in the Atmosphere: Carbon-14 is continuously formed in the Earth's upper atmosphere as a result of cosmic rays interacting with nitrogen. When a cosmic ray neutron collides with a nitrogen-14 atom, it creates a carbon-14 atom and a hydrogen atom.
2. Incorporation into Carbon Dioxide: The newly formed carbon-14 is oxidized to carbon dioxide (¹⁴CO₂), which gets mixed with the stable isotopes of carbon dioxide (¹²CO₂) in the atmosphere.
3. Uptake by Plants: Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. As a result, they incorporate both stable carbon (¹²C) and radioactive carbon (¹⁴C) into their tissues.
4. Consumption by Animals and Humans: When animals eat plants (or other animals that have eaten plants), they incorporate the carbon from the plants into their own bodies. Similarly, when humans consume plants or animals, they take in carbon, including carbon-14. This is why both plant-eaters and meat-eaters have carbon-14 in their bodies.
5. Decay and Replacement: Carbon-14 is radioactive, and over time, it decays back to nitrogen-14 at a known rate (its half-life is about 5,730 years). However, as long as a living organism is consuming food, it's also taking in fresh carbon-14, which replenishes the decaying isotope. When an organism dies, it no longer takes in carbon, and the carbon-14 in its tissues continues to decay without being replaced. This is the basis for carbon dating: measuring the amount of carbon-14 left in a sample can help estimate when the organism died.

In summary, every living organism on Earth, including humans, contains a small but measurable amount of carbon-14, which is continuously replenished throughout its life.

But on the other hand if alien bodie comes from a world where caben 14 is similarly available, then there bodies have carbon 14 decayed ,

Other thing is if for an Earth body, to do a a carbon dating you need to know how much carbon 14 was there when died, so don't it vary to person to person? I mean m(t) = 100 \, e^{-0.000121 \, t} where m(0) initial can be very from person to person?

 

[Rontmir]

Bp

 

[NRTG]

BUMP

 

[olu bakka]

Here's how carbon-14 ends up in our bodies:

1. Formation in the Atmosphere: Carbon-14 is continuously formed in the Earth's upper atmosphere as a result of cosmic rays interacting with nitrogen. When a cosmic ray neutron collides with a nitrogen-14 atom, it creates a carbon-14 atom and a hydrogen atom.
2. Incorporation into Carbon Dioxide: The newly formed carbon-14 is oxidized to carbon dioxide (¹⁴CO₂), which gets mixed with the stable isotopes of carbon dioxide (¹²CO₂) in the atmosphere.
3. Uptake by Plants: Plants take in carbon dioxide during photosynthesis. As a result, they incorporate both stable carbon (¹²C) and radioactive carbon (¹⁴C) into their tissues.
4. Consumption by Animals and Humans: When animals eat plants (or other animals that have eaten plants), they incorporate the carbon from the plants into their own bodies. Similarly, when humans consume plants or animals, they take in carbon, including carbon-14. This is why both plant-eaters and meat-eaters have carbon-14 in their bodies.
5. Decay and Replacement: Carbon-14 is radioactive, and over time, it decays back to nitrogen-14 at a known rate (its half-life is about 5,730 years). However, as long as a living organism is consuming food, it's also taking in fresh carbon-14, which replenishes the decaying isotope. When an organism dies, it no longer takes in carbon, and the carbon-14 in its tissues continues to decay without being replaced. This is the basis for carbon dating: measuring the amount of carbon-14 left in a sample can help estimate when the organism died.

In summary, every living organism on Earth, including humans, contains a small but measurable amount of carbon-14, which is continuously replenished throughout its life.

See how it affects the results even on the Earth... (coped from my yesterday's reply on another post)

"There are other factors too. The C14 isn't created at a constant rate. The Solar activity (Cosmic Rays) and also because of the above ground nuclear testing the Earth's atmospheric radiocarbon levels almost doubled from 1955 to 1963. Since then it has dropped back to the previous levels.
However there are established methods for applying a correction using a calibration technique. This is where the calBP unit is used.
For recent human bodies it's noted that for teeth formed after 1965, enamel radiocarbon content predicted year of birth within 1.5 years.

Also modern radio carbon dating uses a different technique - AMS - Accelerator Mass Spectrometry which is an ultra-sensitive analytical technique based on the use of an ion accelerator as a powerful mass spectrometer. The equipment itself is expensive but even a small sample of bone (less than 1 gram) is quite sufficient."

@topkollek has replied on how Carbon14 dating works.

So the only issue here is that we don't know the concentration of atmospheric Carbon 14 levels of their planet. Right?

 

[Cypress]

බයි හෑලි : දෙස් විදෙස් ඈස් මවිත කරවන මමී රජානෙනි...

 

[N A K A M U R A]

බයි හෑලි : දෙස් විදෙස් ඈස් මවිත කරවන මමී රජානෙනි...

 

[topkollek]

But on the other hand if alien bodie comes from a world where caben 14 is similarly available, then there bodies have carbon 14 decayed ,

Other thing is if for an Earth body, to do a a carbon dating you need to know how much carbon 14 was there when died, so don't it vary to person to person? I mean m(t) = 100 \, e^{-0.000121 \, t} where m(0) initial can be very from person to person?

you're right that to determine the time since death, one would need to know the initial amount of carbon-14, m(0)m(0). This is where the principle of equilibrium comes into play.

1. Carbon-14 Equilibrium in Living Organisms: While a plant or animal is alive, it is constantly taking in carbon from its environment. As it takes in carbon-14, it also loses carbon-14 through decay. Over time, a balance or equilibrium is achieved between the intake of carbon-14 and its decay. Therefore, as long as an organism is alive and consuming carbon, the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 remains relatively constant.
2. Comparative Measurements: When scientists perform radiocarbon dating, they don't just measure the amount of carbon-14 in the sample. They measure the ratio of carbon-14 to the stable isotope carbon-12. By comparing this ratio in the sample to the ratio in the atmosphere (or more typically, to a standard reference material), they can determine how many half-lives have passed since the organism's death. This approach helps mitigate the problem of not knowing the exact initial amount of carbon-14 in the organism.
3. Assumption About Atmospheric Carbon-14: One assumption in radiocarbon dating is that the carbon-14 to carbon-12 ratio in the atmosphere has been constant over time. However, this isn't strictly true. Solar activity, volcanic eruptions, and other factors can influence atmospheric carbon-14 levels. Scientists have developed calibration curves based on tree rings, lake sediments, and other sources to account for these variations in the past. This calibration helps improve the accuracy of radiocarbon dating.

In summary, while the initial carbon-14 content might differ slightly from one organism to another, the process of radiocarbon dating uses the comparative ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 to determine elapsed time since death, making it less sensitive to those initial differences.

GPT4

 

[Stimulus mind]

 

[imhotep]

But so are the Lies too....

PS: It was Professor Willard Libby, a chemist at the University of Chicago, first proposed the idea of radiocarbon dating back in 1946. He said it can be used as a clock. He won the 1960 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for this.

 

[priyade]

you're right that to determine the time since death, one would need to know the initial amount of carbon-14, m(0)m(0). This is where the principle of equilibrium comes into play.

1. Carbon-14 Equilibrium in Living Organisms: While a plant or animal is alive, it is constantly taking in carbon from its environment. As it takes in carbon-14, it also loses carbon-14 through decay. Over time, a balance or equilibrium is achieved between the intake of carbon-14 and its decay. Therefore, as long as an organism is alive and consuming carbon, the ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 remains relatively constant.
2. Comparative Measurements: When scientists perform radiocarbon dating, they don't just measure the amount of carbon-14 in the sample. They measure the ratio of carbon-14 to the stable isotope carbon-12. By comparing this ratio in the sample to the ratio in the atmosphere (or more typically, to a standard reference material), they can determine how many half-lives have passed since the organism's death. This approach helps mitigate the problem of not knowing the exact initial amount of carbon-14 in the organism.
3. Assumption About Atmospheric Carbon-14: One assumption in radiocarbon dating is that the carbon-14 to carbon-12 ratio in the atmosphere has been constant over time. However, this isn't strictly true. Solar activity, volcanic eruptions, and other factors can influence atmospheric carbon-14 levels. Scientists have developed calibration curves based on tree rings, lake sediments, and other sources to account for these variations in the past. This calibration helps improve the accuracy of radiocarbon dating.

In summary, while the initial carbon-14 content might differ slightly from one organism to another, the process of radiocarbon dating uses the comparative ratio of carbon-14 to carbon-12 to determine elapsed time since death, making it less sensitive to those initial differences.

GPT4

Thanks

 

[S Fetus AKA Pseudo Khan]

 

[priyade]

Alean