Vaccine එකකුත් develop කරගෙන යනවා නේ.
For the last 40 odd years no success in a HIV vaccine. Last year the vaccine candidate in development by Janssen, failed and the Phase III Mosiaco trial which enrolled 3,900 volunteers in multiple countries, was stopped.
There are a few trials continuing in 2024.
The scientists are still not sure about how HIV gets into our cell nucleus. Recent studies show that intact HIV-1 capsids do enter the nucleus, even when nuclear pores are blocked.
This shows that the uncoating of the HIV-1 capsid and reverse transcription of the viral RNA don’t necessarily have to happen in the cytoplasm, or before entry of HIV-1 into the nucleus.
Too complex to discuss but the studies show that the nuclear pores are actually larger than originally thought. They appear to be around 60 nanometers in diameter – just wide enough to accommodate the passage of an HIV-1 capsid.

Hopefully, one day these issues will be sorted out to get a clear understanding and a vaccine or a drug can be designed.