Jabbar Hasan is director of the Iraqi Association, a UK-based charity that promotes the country’s diverse culture. Here, he gives an Iraqi’s perspective on the events of the Second Gulf War.
As the Iraqi conflict enters its tragic sixth year, it's becoming hard to imagine a time when refugees and displaced people will be able to go home without fear. Over 4 million Iraqis have been displaced since 2003, with nearly 2 million Iraqi civilians fleeing to neighbouring countries, and over 2 million displaced internally within Iraq.
Despite promises of speedy reconstruction, economic recovery looks a similarly distant prospect. The reconstruction has been exceedingly slow, partly due to the violence but also because of poor planning, shortages of qualified and experienced personnel, and widespread corruption.
There is no such thing as a simple war: war is about death and destruction. However, most emerging post-war governments require a prosperous economy, a secure society and sufficient compromises to allow everyday interaction among different ethnic and religious groups in workplaces, schools, hospitals, the army and the police.
The democratic process is about protecting the symbols of a common and proud diversity, coupled with the maturity of the thinking of its political leaders. Political immaturity of our leaders deters the healing process. The losers are the victims of yesterday’s tyranny and today’s venom of militias’ crimes. This approach is becoming the building blocks of our civil society.
Crimes against humanity
Thousands of civilian lives were lost when militia armed groups deliberately targeted civilians through suicide bombings, car bombs and other attacks, while making no distinction between civilians and combatants. Such systematic or widespread attacks against a civilian population are tantamount to crimes against humanity and violate the laws of war and their perpetrators should be prosecuted. Sectarian division has torn apart families and neighbourhoods that once lived together in harmony.
However, sectarianism is not ingrained in poverty stricken communities of Baghdad, but fostered by the politics of bigotry and intimidation. It is not the result of ‘community division’ that we hear about every day from Iraq and media commentators. The emphasis should not be on accommodating or compromising with the demands of sectarian intimidation. But the economic and social inequalities have given this division a vicious edge to continue with the carnage which is fuelled by extremists and freedom-haters.
Despite the lower incidence of violent attacks in the latter half of 2007, targeted attacks by armed militia against middle class professional groups, officials and others continued to be perpetrated in many parts of the country. Among the victims were members of the legal, medical and academic professions, media workers, government employees, religious figures and employees of state institutions. While some were killed in the context of the general ongoing violence, many others were deliberately targeted for assassination or were abducted and subsequently killed. Scores of others were wounded in attacks or escaped attempts on their lives.
What is more devastating is that we hardly ever hear positive news from Iraq. This antagonistic approach by some sectors of the media can harm the ordinary people of Iraq. A proud example of positive news is the effort of some local non-governmental organisations, which risk their lives to save people and provide vital help to the poor and needy Iraqi population.
Child casualties
It was even more of a surprise to see the US and Britain failing to create effective aid and development programmes, political accommodation and deter the militias’ curbs on women’s rights. In Basra alone, more than 150 women have been murdered in the last 12 months.
Countless lives are threatened every day by poverty, cuts to power and water supplies, food and medical shortages, and rising violence against women and girls. But it is the children of Iraq who are fast becoming the most vulnerable: many have been exposed to violence and witnessed gruesome events such as murders, bomb blasts, break-ins and beatings as a result of the ongoing conflict.
Imagine being in the middle of a war that has nothing to do with you: your home has been burned and your family is missing or dead. Now imagine a little boy of seven being blindfolded and abducted for ransom, or forced to fight alongside the very men who murdered his father. Even if they survive, these children bear severe physical and psychological injuries, but perhaps the ultimate price they pay is the theft and destruction of their childhood.
By Jabbar Hasan, director, Iraqi Association
March 2008