yRq~{y jy@gn s`my pr`jy @vyQq?
sW. e~. cn~qY@pY~m
mhQn~q r`jpk; a`N~dRv yRq~{y jy@gn s`my prqQn~n ynv` q#yQ ap k` wOLw~ q#n~ s#kyk~ mwOvW a#w. ikOw~ swQ@y~ rQvQr pwY@y~ kw^ up`lQ @wn~n@k`~n~ mhw`tq phr @qn lqW. @m| vnvQt swQ @qkk pmN k`lyk~ wOL pY{`n r$pv`hQnQ n`lQk`vkt gQnQ wb` pY{`n pRvw~pw~ kwOvrykO mh mg kOrQr# @ls G`wny @k`t qm` wvw~ kwOvrykOt am`nR;Qk @ls phrqW a#w. @m| sQq~{Wn~ psRps sQtQn~@n~ kvRq yn~n wvmw~ pY@h~lQk`vkQ. ek @qyk~ nm| p#h#qQlQy. uwO@rn~ wYs~wv`qy wOrn~ krn~@n~ Itw~ vd` xy`nk wYs~wv`qyk~ qkONt @gn~v` g#nWmt nm| @n`vn bvy. @mm sQq~{Wn~ kWpy nQs` r`jpk; a`N~dRv psRgQy k`l@y~ krn lq @h`[ @q~vl~ sQyl~l @s`~q`p`Uvt lk~vW a#w.
mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw`@g~ wOn~vn vsr sm|pRr\N krn w#nt p#mQN sQtQ avs~}`v vn vQt @mm a`N~dRv lAk`@v| @m@wk~ p#v#wQ s`r\}km a`N~dRvk~ @ls h#[Qn~vQy h#kQ ww~w~vyk~ p#vwOnQ. @mm a`N~dRv jnpQYy vR@y~ yRq~{y nQs` y#yQ @b`@h`~ ay wOL mwyk~ pvwW. nmRw~ yRq~{y a#wQ vR@y~ psRvy. 2005 qW blyt pw~vn vQtw~ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw`t as`m`n& a`k`r@y~ jnpQYyw~vyk~ wQbRNQ. ohR blyt pw~vn vQt l#bRNR Cn~q sAK&`@vn~ pmNk~ ohR@g~ jnpQYyw`v m#nQy @n`h#kQy. @b`@h`~ @q@nk~ ohRt Cn~qy qWmt k#m#w~@wn~ sQtQyq ohRt qQnQy @n`h#kQ y#yQ sQw` a@nk~ p#w~wt Cn~qy @qn~nt a#w#yQ anRm`n kL h#kQy. sQylEm sRU j`wQk pk; enm| XWY lAk` mRs~lQm| @k`AgYsy, lAk` km|kr# @k`AgYsy, k[Ert jnw` @prmRN h` @qmL j`wQk sA{`ny a#wOU sRU j`wQk Cn~q mh` prQm`n@yn~ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh mhw`t pk;v wQbQyqWw~ pr`jy @pnQ @pnWm mhQn~qt kwQry g#sR Cn~qq`ykyn~ sAK&`v in~ bln vQt ohR@g~ jnpQYyw`v@y~ wrm m#ngw h#kQy. 2005 jn`{QpwQvrNy en@wk~ @m| r@tQ sm|mwv wQbR mwy vR@y~ sQAhl Cn~q @qkt @bqW wQ@bn nQs` sRU j`wQk Cn~q qQn`g#nWmt smw~ p`r\Xvy jy gn~n` bvyQ. e@s~ vRvw~, 2005 qW sQyUm sRU j`wWn~ sQtQn~@n~ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh smg bv q#k q#kw~ mQnQsRn~ mhQn~qt Cn~qy qEn~@n~ ohR@g~ wQbRNR as`m`n& jnpQYyw`vy nQs`y. ey kOmn a`k`r@y~ jnpQYyw`vk~ q kQy@w`w~ lAk`@v| @m@wk~ p#v#wQ Cn~q rt`v q @vns~ @k`t nv mgkt g#nWmt smw~ wr@m| jnpQYyw`vk~ vQy.
mhQn~q r`jpk; blyt pw~vW@mn~ psR e~ wQbR jnpQYyw`v wvw~ v#dQvQy. psRgQy avRr#qE 20 mRUl~@l~ @m| r@tQ yk` ntpR a`N~dR vlQn~ psRv r`jpk; a`N~dRv gQnQym|v wQbR rtkt sQsQl~ p#n~ @p`q v#s~sk~ b[E vQy. dW. bW. vQ@j~wOAg jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~ k`l@yn~ psR v#dQm klk~ @m| r@tQ jnw`v bQ@yn~ s#@kn~ @w`rv jWvw~ vR@y~ r`jpk; a`N~dR smy wOLy. @pY~mq`s jn`{QpwQwOm`q a`N~dR bly lb` gw~@w~ mhQn~q r`jpk; @mn~m wm pk;y a`N~dR v`r 2 k~ pQt pQt bly @hbvW@mn~ psRvy. nmRw~ blyt p#mQNQ psR @pY~mq`s jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~w~ mhQn~q r`jpk; jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~w~ h#sQrWm| rt`v ahst @p`@L`v @mn~ @vns~ vQy. @pY~mq`s mhw` h#m p[Erk~ ytm hwOrn~ qEtR@v|y. wmn~t e@rhQ swOrn~ vQ@X~;@yn~m wm pk;y wOLm sQtQn vg ohR qEtR@v|y. @pY~mq`s mhw` @m| a`k`ryt wm mnAkl~pQw hwOrn~ smg stn~ v#qW@mn~ mRU rtm bQ@yn~ a#llW @g`s~ v&`kSlw`vkt pw~vQy. nmRw~ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` blyt pw~vR psR ohR @k`wnkvw~ swOrn~ qEtR@v| n#w. ohR wmn~@g~ pk;y wOL wb` vQpk;y wOLvw~ hwOrn~ qEtR@v| n#w. swOr# uvqErk~ n#wQ nQs` ohR kQsQvkOtw~ e@rhQv sAgY`m k@L~ n#w. @m| nQs` mhQn~q r`jpk; blyt pw~vW@mn~ psR a`N~dR pk;@y~ jn @k`ts~ pmNk~ @n`v vQpk;@y~ jn@k`ts~ q sQtQ@y~ bykQn~ s#kykQn~ @w`rvy. mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` cn~qYQk` kOm`rwOAg m#wQnQy kL a`k`ryt vQpk;yt hQrQh#r adm|@w~tQtm| k@L~ n#w.
vQpk;yt hQrQh#r adm|@w~tQtm| kQrWm @vnRvt r`jpk; mhw` k@L~ vQpk;@y~ mn~wWYvr#n~ 30 kt a`sn~n sAK&`vkt a#m#wQ {Rr pQrQn#mWmy. @m| nQs` qQvyQ@n~ s$m qQs~wQYk~kykm p`@h~ pY{`n vQpk;ytw~ a`N~dR bl@yn~ @k`tsk~ xOk~wQ vQ[Wmt h#kQ vQy. s`m`n&@yn~ @m| r@tQ sQqEvn~@n~ a`N~dR bly @h`bvn p#w~wt sQyl~l l#bWmw~ a`N~dR bly n#wQ ayt kQsQvk~ @n`l#bWmw~y. @m| a#wQ n#wQ h` n#wQ b#rQ prwry nQs` @q~Xp`ln @k;~wY@y~ ym|kQsQ pWdnyk~ bly n#wQ jn@k`ts sm|bn~{@yn~ nQr\m`Ny @v|. nmRw~ vQpk;@y~ mn~wWYvr#n~ q vQX`l gNnk~ a#m#wQ {Rr q#rWm nQs` vQpk; jn@k`ts~ vlt a#wQ @m| pWdny q awQ vQX`l vX@yn~ adRvQy. wmn~ty kQy` a`N~dR blyk~ @n`m#wQ vRvq g@m| sQtQn yR. en~. pW. k`ry`tw~ p`rk~ @b`~k~kOvk~ wn` g#nWmt,
rFkQy`v sm|bn~{@yn~ pYX~nyk~ vQs[` g#nWmt, vQqElQbl sm|bn~{w`vk~ lb`g#nWmt sh a#w#m|vQt alE@wn~ rFkQy` lb`g#nWmt pv` h#kQvQy.
r`jpk; a`N~dRv yt@w~qW 2001:2004 k`l@y~ p#v#wQ e.j`.p. a`N~dRv sm@y~ yR. en~. pWk`rykOt krgw h#kQ v#d @k`tst vd` ymk~ krg#nWmt h#kQy`v wQbR@N~ y#yQ m` kQv@h`w~ ey kQsQ@s~w~m awQX@y`~k~wQyk~ @n`vn bv @m| r@tQ gm| mtQt@m| sQtQn yR. en~. pW. kQYy`k`rWn~ pQLQgnR a#w. psRgQy m#wQvrN sQyl~l iw` phsR@vn~ jyg#nWmt r`jpk; a`N~dRvt h#kQ vR@y~ vQr#q~{ pk;y wOL s`m`n&@yn~ @g`dn#@gn @@vry h` "bdgQn~n" nm#wQ s`{ky @b`@h`~ qErt awOr#qn~v wQbR nQs`y. a`N~dR vQ@r`~{W rFl~lk~ a#wQvWmt nm| pY{`n s`{k @qkkQn~ ekk~vw~ sm|pRr\N vW wQbQy yRwOy. in~ ek~ s`{kyk~ vn~@n~ vQpk;yt jnw`v wOL bl`@p`@r`w~wOvk~ q#l~vQy h#kQ a`k`r@y~ k^whs~w n`ykw~vyk~ sQtWmy. @qvn k`rNy vn~@n~ a`N~dRv p#w~@wn~ en wr\jnyk~ nQs` em wr\jnyt mRhRN qWmt sQyU jn@k`ts~ e~kr`XW vW@m| pYvnw`vk~ a#wQvW wQbWmy. psRgQy vkv`nR@v| e.j`.p. y qQgQn~ qQgtm m#wQvrN vlQn~ p#rqE@n~ @m| k`rN` @qkm @n`m#wQ vR nQs`y.
ek~ p#w~wkQn~ e.j`.p. y t a`kr\XnWy n`ykykO @n`vWy. a@nk~ p#w~@wn~ a`N~dRvt e@rhQvWmt wrm| @h~wOvk~ enm| kQYy`XWlWv a`N~dRv pr`jy krvWmt @vr q#rWmt wrm| @h~wOvk~ r@tQ s`m`n& mQnQsRn~t wb` g@m| yR. en~. pW. k`rykOtvw~ @n`wQbWm nQs`y.
@m| s`{k @q@kn~ ekk~ sm|pRr\N vRvw~ a`N~dR @prLQyk~ a#wQkrvn a`k`r@y~ rFl~lk~ rt wOL nQr\m`Ny vQy h#k. uq`hrNyk~ vX@yn~ 1994 qW dW. bW. vQ@j~wOAg, a`N~dRv @prU@N~ XWY lAk` nQqhs~ pk;y pYmRK @q~Xp`ln bl@v|gyt bl`@p`@r`w~wO wb`gw h#kQ n`ykw~vyk~ l#bWm nQs`y. nmRw~ 2001 a`N~dR @prLQy sQqEvR@y~ e~ a`k`ryt jnw`v@g~ sQw~ a#qg#nWmt h#kQy`vk~ a#wQ n`ykw~vyk~ e. j`. p. yt @n`wQbRNw~ rt wOL evk p#v#wQ a`N~dRv g#n wQbR xWwQyw~ pQLQkOlw~ nQs` a`N~dRv pn~n` q#mWmt r@tQ sQylE jn@k`ts~ e~kr`XW vR nQs`y.
m$wk~ vn wOr# r`jpk; a`N~dRvt e@rhQv kQsQqE jn mwyk~ @m| rt wOL @n`wQbR@N~y. nmRw~ aq a`N~dR@v| hs~wyk~ @m| m`{& mr\{ny psRps sQtQn bvt mQnQsRn~ wOL a#wQvW wQ@bn h#MWm nQs` klQn~ @n`wQbRNR bQyk~ h` s#kyk~ a`N~dRv @k@rhQ a#wQvW a#w. ym| a`N~dRvk~ g#n jnw`v bQ@yn~ jWvw~ vn ww~w~vyk~ nQr\m`Ny vWm ekW a`N~dR@v| avs`n@y~ a`rm|xy snQtRhn~ krvn~nkQ. vr\wm`n@y~ ivk~bvk~ n#wOv m`{&@v|qWn~t e@rhQv @k@rn @mm mr\qn@yn~ p`dRv sQqEvn~@n~ a`N~dRvty. sQylE v`sQ yn~@n~ e.j`.p. yt h` @k`tQ sAvQ{`nyty. @m| r@tQ pY{`n vQpk;y vn e.j`.p. y a`N~dRv lbn jygYhN hmR@v| sQtQ@y~ kt uw~wr @n`m#wQvyQ. nmRw~ @mm m`{&@v|qWn~t krn lq pYh`ry nQs` v#@l~ v#l~ n#wQv sQtQ ayt n#vw kthVk~ l#bW a#w. a`N~dRv vQsQn~ pvwQn v`w`vrNy wOL s$@hn s`r\}kw~vykQn~ yRwOv @gn yn lq vQ@q~X pYwQpw~wQy pv` aq @m| sQqEvRNR @q~vl~ vlQn~ vQX`l vX@yn~ h`nQ vW a#w. lAk`vt a#MQlQ qQgO kQrWmt a#w#m| bthQr rtvlt avX&w`vk~ wQbRNq e~ s[h` nQmQw~wk~ @n`wQbRNQ. em rtvlt q#n~ kqQm m`w^k`vk~ l#bW a#w.
m$w k`l@y~ @m| r@tQ sQtQ s`r\}km p`lky` vn jn`{QpwQvry` jygYhn@y~ hQnQ@pw~wtm n#g wQ@bn avs~}`vk ohR sQtQn~@n~ am`r#@vn~ l#bR jygYhny xSk~wQ vQ[QmQn~ @n`v r@tQ sQqEvn @n`mn` sQqEvWm| g#n w#n~ w#n~vl nQqhst kr#NR qk~vmQnQ. @m| sQqEvn @q~vl~ qQh` vQpk;@y~ @q~Xp`lkyQn~ q bl` sQtQn~@n~ vQmwQ@ynQ. ovRn~ q @q~Xp`lkyn~ vn nQs` r`jpk; a`N~dRv @k`wrm| s`r\}k a`N~dRvk~ vR@y~ q#yQ @h`[Qn~ qnW. @m| a`k`ryt s`r\}k e.j`.p. a`N~dRvk~ @g`dnM` g#nWmt @n`h#kQvWm g#n ovRn~ hRl~lmQn~ sQtW. s`r\}k a`N~dR@v| @k`ts~kr#vn~t ovRn~ @h`r rh@s~ irQsQy` krwQ. @m| nQs` r`jpk; m`{&kr#vn~v G`wny @k`t phrqW wmn~@g~ sQylE jygYhN vwO@r\ yv`gnWvQ y#yQ ovRn~tq sQwWmt asWr# k`rNyk~ vW a#w. mhQn~q r`jpk; jn`{QpwQvry` kQsQq`k wmn~@g~m kQrQ mRtQtQyt @g`m q`gn~n` a`k`r@y~ a@yk~ @n`vn bv ovRn~ q @q~Xp`lkyn~ h#tQyt pQLQgnW. e. j`. p. pk;y vQsQn~ @m| sQqEvR sQq~{Wn~ pQLQb[ vgkWm a`N~dRv pQt p#tvRvq ovRn~ @p_q~glQkv pvsn~@n~ jn`{QpwQvry` k^whs~w @q~Xp`lkykO h#tQyt @mvn~ @g`n~ wkwWr# v#d @n`krn bvw~ @my a`N~dRvtw~ p`lny krgw @n`h#kQ a`N~dR@v|m a`rk;k aAXyk~ vQsQn~ krnv` vQy h#kQ bvyQ.
@m| sQq~{Wn~ psRps sQtQn uqvQy iw`mw~m o|n$kmQn~ @mhQ vgkWm a`rk;k aAX @qstm p#t@vn a`k`ryt h#sQrW a#w. sQrs a`ywnyt phrqEn~ ay k~@l~@m`~ @b`~m|byk~ g#n em a`ywn@y~ @s~vkyn~t anwOr# hMv` a#w. k~@l~@m`~ @b`~m|b p`vQc|cQ krn~@n~ ek~@k`~ hmRq`vy. n#wQ nm| @k`tQ sAvQ{`nyyQ. em nQs` @m| g#n kw` kQrW@mn~ ovRn~ uw~s`h qr` a#w~@w~ "apQ a`rk;k aAX vlQn~" y#yQ s^jRv kQyn~@n~ n#wQv vkYv kWmty. lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw`t phr qEn~ uqvQy q kU a#[Em| vlQn~ s#rsW kU p`t @m`~tr\ syQkl~ vlQn~ p#mQN kU @hl~mtQ p#l[@gn lsn~wv G`wny kQrW@mn~m wmn~ ym|kQsQ hmRq` aAXyk pQrQsk~ y#yQ bl` sQtQn sQylE @qn`tm hVg` kWmt @mn~ h#sQrW a#w. @mv#n~nk~ hmRq` aAXyk~ vQsQn~ krnR l#bR@v| nm| ehQ vgkWm @vn p#w~wkt @yqWmt uw~s`hyk~vw~ q#rQy yRwO y#yQ v&vh`r bRq~{Qy a#wQ o|n$m @knkOt v#thQy yRwOy. nmRw~ @m| sQyUm avs~}`vn~ vlqW uw~s`hy wQbW a#w~@w~ apQ hmRq` aAX vlQn~m y#yQ bl` sQtQn sQylE @qn`tm e~w~wO g#n~vWmtyQ. lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw`@g~ G`wny sm|bn~{@yn~ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh mhw` @klQn~m a#MQl~l qQk~ krnR l#bR@y~ hmRq`v @qst vRvq lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw` vQsQn~ sAs~krNy krn lq sn~@d| lWdr\ pRvw~p@w~vw~ @m`~nQn~g~ lWdr\ pRvw~p@w~ vw~ hmRq` aAX g#n @h`~ a`rk;k @l~km|vry` g#n @h`~ jn`{QpwQvry` g#n @h`~ vQ@X~; kQsQvk~ G`wnyt @pr swQ kWpy pRr`m s[hn~v wQbR@N~ n#w. kQsQqE pY@k`~pvWmk~ a#wQvWmt aq`L a`k`r@y~ @qyk~ em pRvw~pw~ wOL @k`@hw~m wQbR@N~ n#w. mWt s$@hn klkt klQn~ a`rk;k @l~km|vry` sn~@d| lWdr\ pRvw~pwt e@rhQv gl~kQs~s us`vQyt p#mQNQlQ kr wQbR bv sw&ykQ. e@s~ vRvw~ It psR vkv`nR@v|qW lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw` jn`{QpwQvry` smg smWp vW a#w. ohR psRps G`wny sQqEvR qv@s~ uq$sn @m`~tr\ syQkl~kr#vn~ hB` en bv ohR q#nRm|qW a#w~@w~ q mhQn~q r`jpk; jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~ @p_q~glQk hQwvwkO vn @@vq& elQyn~w vyQtQ mhw`ty. @m| nQs` up`lQ @wn~n@k`~n~ mhw`t krn lq pYh`ry @mn~m lsn~w vQkYmwAOg mhw`@g~ G`wnyt uw~wrvlt vd` pYX~n mwOkrn sQq~{QykQ. nmRw~ @m|v` k@L~ kvRq#yQ @s`y` g#nWmt @p`lQsQyt s#b$ uvmn`vk~ a#w~nm| ey kL h#kQ bv apQ qnQmR.
@m| sQqEvR sQq~{Wn~ kWpy nQs` @m| rt wOL wQbR xQwQ@yn~ @h`~ s#k@yn~ @w`r nQqhs~k`mW prQsry ek~vrm plEqE vQy. apt avRr#qE 3 kt vd` s`mk`mWv s#h#l~lE@vn~ jWvw~ vWmt v`sn`vk~ n#wQ j`wQyk~ y#yQ yn pYX~ny q#n~ p#nngW.
mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw`@g~ wOn~vn vsr sm|pRr\N krn w#nt p#mQN sQtQ avs~}`v vn vQt @mm a`N~dRv lAk`@v| @m@wk~ p#v#wQ s`r\}km a`N~dRvk~ @ls h#[Qn~vQy h#kQ ww~w~vyk~ p#vwOnQ. @mm a`N~dRv jnpQYy vR@y~ yRq~{y nQs` y#yQ @b`@h`~ ay wOL mwyk~ pvwW. nmRw~ yRq~{y a#wQ vR@y~ psRvy. 2005 qW blyt pw~vn vQtw~ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw`t as`m`n& a`k`r@y~ jnpQYyw~vyk~ wQbRNQ. ohR blyt pw~vn vQt l#bRNR Cn~q sAK&`@vn~ pmNk~ ohR@g~ jnpQYyw`v m#nQy @n`h#kQy. @b`@h`~ @q@nk~ ohRt Cn~qy qWmt k#m#w~@wn~ sQtQyq ohRt qQnQy @n`h#kQ y#yQ sQw` a@nk~ p#w~wt Cn~qy @qn~nt a#w#yQ anRm`n kL h#kQy. sQylEm sRU j`wQk pk; enm| XWY lAk` mRs~lQm| @k`AgYsy, lAk` km|kr# @k`AgYsy, k[Ert jnw` @prmRN h` @qmL j`wQk sA{`ny a#wOU sRU j`wQk Cn~q mh` prQm`n@yn~ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh mhw`t pk;v wQbQyqWw~ pr`jy @pnQ @pnWm mhQn~qt kwQry g#sR Cn~qq`ykyn~ sAK&`v in~ bln vQt ohR@g~ jnpQYyw`v@y~ wrm m#ngw h#kQy. 2005 jn`{QpwQvrNy en@wk~ @m| r@tQ sm|mwv wQbR mwy vR@y~ sQAhl Cn~q @qkt @bqW wQ@bn nQs` sRU j`wQk Cn~q qQn`g#nWmt smw~ p`r\Xvy jy gn~n` bvyQ. e@s~ vRvw~, 2005 qW sQyUm sRU j`wWn~ sQtQn~@n~ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh smg bv q#k q#kw~ mQnQsRn~ mhQn~qt Cn~qy qEn~@n~ ohR@g~ wQbRNR as`m`n& jnpQYyw`vy nQs`y. ey kOmn a`k`r@y~ jnpQYyw`vk~ q kQy@w`w~ lAk`@v| @m@wk~ p#v#wQ Cn~q rt`v q @vns~ @k`t nv mgkt g#nWmt smw~ wr@m| jnpQYyw`vk~ vQy.
mhQn~q r`jpk; blyt pw~vW@mn~ psR e~ wQbR jnpQYyw`v wvw~ v#dQvQy. psRgQy avRr#qE 20 mRUl~@l~ @m| r@tQ yk` ntpR a`N~dR vlQn~ psRv r`jpk; a`N~dRv gQnQym|v wQbR rtkt sQsQl~ p#n~ @p`q v#s~sk~ b[E vQy. dW. bW. vQ@j~wOAg jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~ k`l@yn~ psR v#dQm klk~ @m| r@tQ jnw`v bQ@yn~ s#@kn~ @w`rv jWvw~ vR@y~ r`jpk; a`N~dR smy wOLy. @pY~mq`s jn`{QpwQwOm`q a`N~dR bly lb` gw~@w~ mhQn~q r`jpk; @mn~m wm pk;y a`N~dR v`r 2 k~ pQt pQt bly @hbvW@mn~ psRvy. nmRw~ blyt p#mQNQ psR @pY~mq`s jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~w~ mhQn~q r`jpk; jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~w~ h#sQrWm| rt`v ahst @p`@L`v @mn~ @vns~ vQy. @pY~mq`s mhw` h#m p[Erk~ ytm hwOrn~ qEtR@v|y. wmn~t e@rhQ swOrn~ vQ@X~;@yn~m wm pk;y wOLm sQtQn vg ohR qEtR@v|y. @pY~mq`s mhw` @m| a`k`ryt wm mnAkl~pQw hwOrn~ smg stn~ v#qW@mn~ mRU rtm bQ@yn~ a#llW @g`s~ v&`kSlw`vkt pw~vQy. nmRw~ mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` blyt pw~vR psR ohR @k`wnkvw~ swOrn~ qEtR@v| n#w. ohR wmn~@g~ pk;y wOL wb` vQpk;y wOLvw~ hwOrn~ qEtR@v| n#w. swOr# uvqErk~ n#wQ nQs` ohR kQsQvkOtw~ e@rhQv sAgY`m k@L~ n#w. @m| nQs` mhQn~q r`jpk; blyt pw~vW@mn~ psR a`N~dR pk;@y~ jn @k`ts~ pmNk~ @n`v vQpk;@y~ jn@k`ts~ q sQtQ@y~ bykQn~ s#kykQn~ @w`rvy. mhQn~q r`jpk; mhw` cn~qYQk` kOm`rwOAg m#wQnQy kL a`k`ryt vQpk;yt hQrQh#r adm|@w~tQtm| k@L~ n#w.
vQpk;yt hQrQh#r adm|@w~tQtm| kQrWm @vnRvt r`jpk; mhw` k@L~ vQpk;@y~ mn~wWYvr#n~ 30 kt a`sn~n sAK&`vkt a#m#wQ {Rr pQrQn#mWmy. @m| nQs` qQvyQ@n~ s$m qQs~wQYk~kykm p`@h~ pY{`n vQpk;ytw~ a`N~dR bl@yn~ @k`tsk~ xOk~wQ vQ[Wmt h#kQ vQy. s`m`n&@yn~ @m| r@tQ sQqEvn~@n~ a`N~dR bly @h`bvn p#w~wt sQyl~l l#bWmw~ a`N~dR bly n#wQ ayt kQsQvk~ @n`l#bWmw~y. @m| a#wQ n#wQ h` n#wQ b#rQ prwry nQs` @q~Xp`ln @k;~wY@y~ ym|kQsQ pWdnyk~ bly n#wQ jn@k`ts sm|bn~{@yn~ nQr\m`Ny @v|. nmRw~ vQpk;@y~ mn~wWYvr#n~ q vQX`l gNnk~ a#m#wQ {Rr q#rWm nQs` vQpk; jn@k`ts~ vlt a#wQ @m| pWdny q awQ vQX`l vX@yn~ adRvQy. wmn~ty kQy` a`N~dR blyk~ @n`m#wQ vRvq g@m| sQtQn yR. en~. pW. k`ry`tw~ p`rk~ @b`~k~kOvk~ wn` g#nWmt,
rFkQy`v sm|bn~{@yn~ pYX~nyk~ vQs[` g#nWmt, vQqElQbl sm|bn~{w`vk~ lb`g#nWmt sh a#w#m|vQt alE@wn~ rFkQy` lb`g#nWmt pv` h#kQvQy.
r`jpk; a`N~dRv yt@w~qW 2001:2004 k`l@y~ p#v#wQ e.j`.p. a`N~dRv sm@y~ yR. en~. pWk`rykOt krgw h#kQ v#d @k`tst vd` ymk~ krg#nWmt h#kQy`v wQbR@N~ y#yQ m` kQv@h`w~ ey kQsQ@s~w~m awQX@y`~k~wQyk~ @n`vn bv @m| r@tQ gm| mtQt@m| sQtQn yR. en~. pW. kQYy`k`rWn~ pQLQgnR a#w. psRgQy m#wQvrN sQyl~l iw` phsR@vn~ jyg#nWmt r`jpk; a`N~dRvt h#kQ vR@y~ vQr#q~{ pk;y wOL s`m`n&@yn~ @g`dn#@gn @@vry h` "bdgQn~n" nm#wQ s`{ky @b`@h`~ qErt awOr#qn~v wQbR nQs`y. a`N~dR vQ@r`~{W rFl~lk~ a#wQvWmt nm| pY{`n s`{k @qkkQn~ ekk~vw~ sm|pRr\N vW wQbQy yRwOy. in~ ek~ s`{kyk~ vn~@n~ vQpk;yt jnw`v wOL bl`@p`@r`w~wOvk~ q#l~vQy h#kQ a`k`r@y~ k^whs~w n`ykw~vyk~ sQtWmy. @qvn k`rNy vn~@n~ a`N~dRv p#w~@wn~ en wr\jnyk~ nQs` em wr\jnyt mRhRN qWmt sQyU jn@k`ts~ e~kr`XW vW@m| pYvnw`vk~ a#wQvW wQbWmy. psRgQy vkv`nR@v| e.j`.p. y qQgQn~ qQgtm m#wQvrN vlQn~ p#rqE@n~ @m| k`rN` @qkm @n`m#wQ vR nQs`y.
ek~ p#w~wkQn~ e.j`.p. y t a`kr\XnWy n`ykykO @n`vWy. a@nk~ p#w~@wn~ a`N~dRvt e@rhQvWmt wrm| @h~wOvk~ enm| kQYy`XWlWv a`N~dRv pr`jy krvWmt @vr q#rWmt wrm| @h~wOvk~ r@tQ s`m`n& mQnQsRn~t wb` g@m| yR. en~. pW. k`rykOtvw~ @n`wQbWm nQs`y.
@m| s`{k @q@kn~ ekk~ sm|pRr\N vRvw~ a`N~dR @prLQyk~ a#wQkrvn a`k`r@y~ rFl~lk~ rt wOL nQr\m`Ny vQy h#k. uq`hrNyk~ vX@yn~ 1994 qW dW. bW. vQ@j~wOAg, a`N~dRv @prU@N~ XWY lAk` nQqhs~ pk;y pYmRK @q~Xp`ln bl@v|gyt bl`@p`@r`w~wO wb`gw h#kQ n`ykw~vyk~ l#bWm nQs`y. nmRw~ 2001 a`N~dR @prLQy sQqEvR@y~ e~ a`k`ryt jnw`v@g~ sQw~ a#qg#nWmt h#kQy`vk~ a#wQ n`ykw~vyk~ e. j`. p. yt @n`wQbRNw~ rt wOL evk p#v#wQ a`N~dRv g#n wQbR xWwQyw~ pQLQkOlw~ nQs` a`N~dRv pn~n` q#mWmt r@tQ sQylE jn@k`ts~ e~kr`XW vR nQs`y.
m$wk~ vn wOr# r`jpk; a`N~dRvt e@rhQv kQsQqE jn mwyk~ @m| rt wOL @n`wQbR@N~y. nmRw~ aq a`N~dR@v| hs~wyk~ @m| m`{& mr\{ny psRps sQtQn bvt mQnQsRn~ wOL a#wQvW wQ@bn h#MWm nQs` klQn~ @n`wQbRNR bQyk~ h` s#kyk~ a`N~dRv @k@rhQ a#wQvW a#w. ym| a`N~dRvk~ g#n jnw`v bQ@yn~ jWvw~ vn ww~w~vyk~ nQr\m`Ny vWm ekW a`N~dR@v| avs`n@y~ a`rm|xy snQtRhn~ krvn~nkQ. vr\wm`n@y~ ivk~bvk~ n#wOv m`{&@v|qWn~t e@rhQv @k@rn @mm mr\qn@yn~ p`dRv sQqEvn~@n~ a`N~dRvty. sQylE v`sQ yn~@n~ e.j`.p. yt h` @k`tQ sAvQ{`nyty. @m| r@tQ pY{`n vQpk;y vn e.j`.p. y a`N~dRv lbn jygYhN hmR@v| sQtQ@y~ kt uw~wr @n`m#wQvyQ. nmRw~ @mm m`{&@v|qWn~t krn lq pYh`ry nQs` v#@l~ v#l~ n#wQv sQtQ ayt n#vw kthVk~ l#bW a#w. a`N~dRv vQsQn~ pvwQn v`w`vrNy wOL s$@hn s`r\}kw~vykQn~ yRwOv @gn yn lq vQ@q~X pYwQpw~wQy pv` aq @m| sQqEvRNR @q~vl~ vlQn~ vQX`l vX@yn~ h`nQ vW a#w. lAk`vt a#MQlQ qQgO kQrWmt a#w#m| bthQr rtvlt avX&w`vk~ wQbRNq e~ s[h` nQmQw~wk~ @n`wQbRNQ. em rtvlt q#n~ kqQm m`w^k`vk~ l#bW a#w.
m$w k`l@y~ @m| r@tQ sQtQ s`r\}km p`lky` vn jn`{QpwQvry` jygYhn@y~ hQnQ@pw~wtm n#g wQ@bn avs~}`vk ohR sQtQn~@n~ am`r#@vn~ l#bR jygYhny xSk~wQ vQ[QmQn~ @n`v r@tQ sQqEvn @n`mn` sQqEvWm| g#n w#n~ w#n~vl nQqhst kr#NR qk~vmQnQ. @m| sQqEvn @q~vl~ qQh` vQpk;@y~ @q~Xp`lkyQn~ q bl` sQtQn~@n~ vQmwQ@ynQ. ovRn~ q @q~Xp`lkyn~ vn nQs` r`jpk; a`N~dRv @k`wrm| s`r\}k a`N~dRvk~ vR@y~ q#yQ @h`[Qn~ qnW. @m| a`k`ryt s`r\}k e.j`.p. a`N~dRvk~ @g`dnM` g#nWmt @n`h#kQvWm g#n ovRn~ hRl~lmQn~ sQtW. s`r\}k a`N~dR@v| @k`ts~kr#vn~t ovRn~ @h`r rh@s~ irQsQy` krwQ. @m| nQs` r`jpk; m`{&kr#vn~v G`wny @k`t phrqW wmn~@g~ sQylE jygYhN vwO@r\ yv`gnWvQ y#yQ ovRn~tq sQwWmt asWr# k`rNyk~ vW a#w. mhQn~q r`jpk; jn`{QpwQvry` kQsQq`k wmn~@g~m kQrQ mRtQtQyt @g`m q`gn~n` a`k`r@y~ a@yk~ @n`vn bv ovRn~ q @q~Xp`lkyn~ h#tQyt pQLQgnW. e. j`. p. pk;y vQsQn~ @m| sQqEvR sQq~{Wn~ pQLQb[ vgkWm a`N~dRv pQt p#tvRvq ovRn~ @p_q~glQkv pvsn~@n~ jn`{QpwQvry` k^whs~w @q~Xp`lkykO h#tQyt @mvn~ @g`n~ wkwWr# v#d @n`krn bvw~ @my a`N~dRvtw~ p`lny krgw @n`h#kQ a`N~dR@v|m a`rk;k aAXyk~ vQsQn~ krnv` vQy h#kQ bvyQ.
@m| sQq~{Wn~ psRps sQtQn uqvQy iw`mw~m o|n$kmQn~ @mhQ vgkWm a`rk;k aAX @qstm p#t@vn a`k`ryt h#sQrW a#w. sQrs a`ywnyt phrqEn~ ay k~@l~@m`~ @b`~m|byk~ g#n em a`ywn@y~ @s~vkyn~t anwOr# hMv` a#w. k~@l~@m`~ @b`~m|b p`vQc|cQ krn~@n~ ek~@k`~ hmRq`vy. n#wQ nm| @k`tQ sAvQ{`nyyQ. em nQs` @m| g#n kw` kQrW@mn~ ovRn~ uw~s`h qr` a#w~@w~ "apQ a`rk;k aAX vlQn~" y#yQ s^jRv kQyn~@n~ n#wQv vkYv kWmty. lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw`t phr qEn~ uqvQy q kU a#[Em| vlQn~ s#rsW kU p`t @m`~tr\ syQkl~ vlQn~ p#mQN kU @hl~mtQ p#l[@gn lsn~wv G`wny kQrW@mn~m wmn~ ym|kQsQ hmRq` aAXyk pQrQsk~ y#yQ bl` sQtQn sQylE @qn`tm hVg` kWmt @mn~ h#sQrW a#w. @mv#n~nk~ hmRq` aAXyk~ vQsQn~ krnR l#bR@v| nm| ehQ vgkWm @vn p#w~wkt @yqWmt uw~s`hyk~vw~ q#rQy yRwO y#yQ v&vh`r bRq~{Qy a#wQ o|n$m @knkOt v#thQy yRwOy. nmRw~ @m| sQyUm avs~}`vn~ vlqW uw~s`hy wQbW a#w~@w~ apQ hmRq` aAX vlQn~m y#yQ bl` sQtQn sQylE @qn`tm e~w~wO g#n~vWmtyQ. lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw`@g~ G`wny sm|bn~{@yn~ rnQl~ vQkYmsQAh mhw` @klQn~m a#MQl~l qQk~ krnR l#bR@y~ hmRq`v @qst vRvq lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw` vQsQn~ sAs~krNy krn lq sn~@d| lWdr\ pRvw~p@w~vw~ @m`~nQn~g~ lWdr\ pRvw~p@w~ vw~ hmRq` aAX g#n @h`~ a`rk;k @l~km|vry` g#n @h`~ jn`{QpwQvry` g#n @h`~ vQ@X~; kQsQvk~ G`wnyt @pr swQ kWpy pRr`m s[hn~v wQbR@N~ n#w. kQsQqE pY@k`~pvWmk~ a#wQvWmt aq`L a`k`r@y~ @qyk~ em pRvw~pw~ wOL @k`@hw~m wQbR@N~ n#w. mWt s$@hn klkt klQn~ a`rk;k @l~km|vry` sn~@d| lWdr\ pRvw~pwt e@rhQv gl~kQs~s us`vQyt p#mQNQlQ kr wQbR bv sw&ykQ. e@s~ vRvw~ It psR vkv`nR@v|qW lsn~w vQkYmwOAg mhw` jn`{QpwQvry` smg smWp vW a#w. ohR psRps G`wny sQqEvR qv@s~ uq$sn @m`~tr\ syQkl~kr#vn~ hB` en bv ohR q#nRm|qW a#w~@w~ q mhQn~q r`jpk; jn`{QpwQwOm`@g~ @p_q~glQk hQwvwkO vn @@vq& elQyn~w vyQtQ mhw`ty. @m| nQs` up`lQ @wn~n@k`~n~ mhw`t krn lq pYh`ry @mn~m lsn~w vQkYmwAOg mhw`@g~ G`wnyt uw~wrvlt vd` pYX~n mwOkrn sQq~{QykQ. nmRw~ @m|v` k@L~ kvRq#yQ @s`y` g#nWmt @p`lQsQyt s#b$ uvmn`vk~ a#w~nm| ey kL h#kQ bv apQ qnQmR.
@m| sQqEvR sQq~{Wn~ kWpy nQs` @m| rt wOL wQbR xQwQ@yn~ @h`~ s#k@yn~ @w`r nQqhs~k`mW prQsry ek~vrm plEqE vQy. apt avRr#qE 3 kt vd` s`mk`mWv s#h#l~lE@vn~ jWvw~ vWmt v`sn`vk~ n#wQ j`wQyk~ y#yQ yn pYX~ny q#n~ p#nngW.
Source: divaina
Can't read clcik here for pdf format
Last edited:
