The general term for the things mentioned below is "Electronic Circuits." These are specific types of electronic circuits used in various applications:
1. Voltage doubler: An electronic circuit that doubles the input voltage using diodes and capacitors.
2. Capacitor multiplier: An electronic circuit that multiplies the effective capacitance using transistors or operational amplifiers.
3. Totem pole driver: An electronic circuit configuration used to enhance the switching speed and efficiency of driving signals, typically in digital circuits.
4. Bootstrap circuit: An electronic circuit that generates a voltage level higher than the power supply voltage to enhance the performance of certain components, such as high-side MOSFET drivers.
5. Current mirror: An electronic circuit that replicates or mirrors the current from one source to another, commonly used in amplifier and biasing applications.
6. Crowbar circuit: An electronic circuit that provides overvoltage protection by short-circuiting the power supply when the voltage exceeds a predefined threshold.
All of these circuits are used to perform specific functions in electronic devices and systems.
