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GPS magnetic model modified
Written by Kevin Tester
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and British Geological Survey have updated a model of Earth's large-scale magnetic field which is vital to ensure accurate position fixing by GPS-enabled devices, including those used in vessel navigation and heading systems.
Changes in the Earth's outer core trigger unpredictable changes in its magnetic field. For example, over the past few decades the North magnetic pole has been drifting toward Siberia at an irregular speed. This migration can adversely affect the accuracy of navigation if not compensated for.
Updated every five years, the World Magnetic Model (WMM), created using satellite observations of the Earth's magnetic field, provides accurate magnetic field declination, the difference between true north and magnetic north essential for navigational safety.
Scientists continuously survey the magnetic field and can precisely map the present field and its rate of change and then extrapolate changes into the future. WMM-corrected magnetic compass readings are not subject to ionospheric disturbances and work everywhere, including under the sea and in deep canyons."Although GPS is a great tool for navigation, it is limited in that it only provides your position. Orientation comes from the magnetic field," noted James Friederich, a geodetic scientist at the US National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
For the last 10 years, NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) in Boulder, Colorado, working with the British Geological Survey in Edinburgh, Scotland, has co-developed the WMM on behalf of the U.S. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom's Defence Geographic Centre. It is used by, among others, the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), NATO and for consumer electronics.
Written by Kevin Tester
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and British Geological Survey have updated a model of Earth's large-scale magnetic field which is vital to ensure accurate position fixing by GPS-enabled devices, including those used in vessel navigation and heading systems.
Changes in the Earth's outer core trigger unpredictable changes in its magnetic field. For example, over the past few decades the North magnetic pole has been drifting toward Siberia at an irregular speed. This migration can adversely affect the accuracy of navigation if not compensated for.
Updated every five years, the World Magnetic Model (WMM), created using satellite observations of the Earth's magnetic field, provides accurate magnetic field declination, the difference between true north and magnetic north essential for navigational safety.
Scientists continuously survey the magnetic field and can precisely map the present field and its rate of change and then extrapolate changes into the future. WMM-corrected magnetic compass readings are not subject to ionospheric disturbances and work everywhere, including under the sea and in deep canyons."Although GPS is a great tool for navigation, it is limited in that it only provides your position. Orientation comes from the magnetic field," noted James Friederich, a geodetic scientist at the US National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency.
For the last 10 years, NOAA's National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) in Boulder, Colorado, working with the British Geological Survey in Edinburgh, Scotland, has co-developed the WMM on behalf of the U.S. National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency and the United Kingdom's Defence Geographic Centre. It is used by, among others, the International Hydrographic Organization (IHO), NATO and for consumer electronics.
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