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Listed below are some basic tips on What When Where and Why when it comes to Vehicle Servicing.Basically, Answers to all the Questions I had, for which I have done my research through respective manufactures:
1. ENGINE OIL2. TRANSMISSION OIL3. DIFFERENTIAL OIL4. HYDRAULIC OIL5. POWER STEERING OIL6. COOLANT
1. ENGINE OIL (CHANGE EVERY 5,000+ KM’S)
Motor Oil or Engine Oil is oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. The main function is to lubricate moving parts; it also cleans, inhibits corrosion, improves sealing, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.
One of the most important properties of Motor Oil in maintaining a lubricating film between moving parts is its Viscosity. The viscosity of a liquid can be thought of as its "thickness" or a measure of its resistance to flow. The viscosity must be high enough to maintain a lubricating film, but low enough that the oil can flow around the engine parts under all conditions. The viscosity index is a measure of how much the oil's viscosity changes as temperature changes. A higher viscosity index indicates the viscosity changes less with temperature than a lower viscosity index.
Basically, since most of us don't run over 5,000km a month and even if we do, it’s not always on Highways or long-haul journeys, a Mineral Multi-Grade Oil is the best and the most practical in terms cost efficiency; Simply because, Oil needs to heat-up to specific temperature to perform efficiently and effectively.
A Mineral Multi-Grade helps with the changes in the temperature, especially during cold start-up's; though, not a serious issue in Sri Lanka. Therefore, a Multi-Grade spec anywhere from 15w-40 is a good option.
A Mineral Engine Oil should ideally be changed every Six Months; even though you may not have completed the full 5,000+ Km's and especially since, most Oil Filter manufacturers recommend 6 Month usage cycles.
Two points to note regarding Engine Oil:A) Most Engine Oil manufactures add Additives into the oils which help collect and remove dirt and particles from the engine, which get collected in the filters irrespective of the distance traveled.
B) The change distance given by the Oil Manufacture for 5,000+ Km's is to do with the viscosity of the Oil, which eventually wears off during the running of the engine thereby becoming ineffective, which is why we need to change the Oil ever so often. When the Oil loses its viscosity effectiveness, the Oil becomes thicker and sludgy.
However, it should be noted that there are specialty oils that can allow a vehicle to extend oil change intervals upto 8,000Km's
2. TRANSMISSION OIL (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Also known as Gear Oil and unlike Engine Oil, only needs to be changed possibly every 40,000Km's - 60,000Km's. This is because; Transmission Oil does not wear easily like Engine Oil as its main job is for lubrication of parts.
It is of a higher viscosity to better protect the gears. The high viscosity ensures transfer of lubricant throughout the gear train. This is necessary since the devices needing this heavy oil do not have pumps for transferring the oil with only a portion of the lowermost gears bathed in an oil sump. Therefore, a Multi-Grade spec anywhere from 75w-90 is a good option.
3. DIFFERENTIAL OIL (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Also, unlike Engine Oil, only needs to be changed possibly every 40,000Km's - 60,000Km's. This is because; Differential Oil does not wear easily like Engine Oil as its main job is for lubrication of parts.
However, if your vehicle does go in Mud and Water frequently, chances of foreign contaminants entering the differential are high, resulting in a quicker change of the Differential Oil. Therefore, a Multi-Grade spec anywhere from 75w-90 is a good option.
A point to note is that the Differential Oil Spec changes depending on whether you have Regular or Limited Slip Differential. This would be the case if you use any type of after-market Differential Lockers.
4. HYDRAULIC FLUID (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
U.S. Department of Transportation – DOT; DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5 & DOT 5.1 Hydraulic Fluid is typically used in hydraulic brake and hydraulic clutch applications in automobiles. It is used to transfer force into pressure, and to amplify braking force. It works because liquids are not appreciably compressible — in their natural state the component molecules do not have internal voids and the molecules pack together well, so bulk forces are directly transferred to compress the fluid's chemical bonds.
Brake fluids with different DOT ratings cannot always be mixed. It must be of the same type, and at least the same rating. DOT 5.1 can replace DOT 4 and 3; DOT 4 can replace DOT 3.
DOT 5 should not be mixed with any of these as mixing of glycol with silicone fluid may cause corrosion because of trapped moisture.
Therefore, any DOT 3, DOT 4 or DOT 5.1 is a good option. However, where possible, occasionally empty and re-fill. Topping up from a used bottle should be avoided over long intervals as the effectiveness of the Hydraulic Fluid diminishes.
5. POWER STEERING FLUID (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Another Type of Hydraulic Fluid; over time, the seals, O-rings and internal power-steering components will wear out. When they break apart, they contaminate the power-steering fluid, which forces the power-steering pump to work harder (having to pump little chunks instead of just fluid) and eventually break down.
There is no service interval as such; however, if you hear a whining or moaning noise when you turn the steering wheel, you should have your power-steering system checked. Your power-steering pump may be about to fail.
6. COOLANT (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Coolant, also widely referred to as anti-freeze, is the fluid which is circulated throughout a liquid-cooled engine to remove excess heat and prevent damage. On newer autos, it is often used to cool the transmission fluids, as well.
Whether it is 100% Coolant or to be mixed partly with water depends on the Coolant Manufactures recommendation on the bottle. However, water mixed Coolant will be more economical. If there is no discoloration at regular service intervals, frequent Coolant change is not required. But never ever run on 100% water as it will corrode and damage your radiator.
For Extended Reading, if what I’ve provided is insufficient, the following link is useful - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAE_viscosity_number
The above Recommendations are standard and listed for General Information Purposes.This information is also based on my Nissan Patrol Y60. Please follow manufacture recommendations where applicable and apply accordingly.
1. ENGINE OIL2. TRANSMISSION OIL3. DIFFERENTIAL OIL4. HYDRAULIC OIL5. POWER STEERING OIL6. COOLANT
1. ENGINE OIL (CHANGE EVERY 5,000+ KM’S)
Motor Oil or Engine Oil is oil used for lubrication of various internal combustion engines. The main function is to lubricate moving parts; it also cleans, inhibits corrosion, improves sealing, and cools the engine by carrying heat away from moving parts.
One of the most important properties of Motor Oil in maintaining a lubricating film between moving parts is its Viscosity. The viscosity of a liquid can be thought of as its "thickness" or a measure of its resistance to flow. The viscosity must be high enough to maintain a lubricating film, but low enough that the oil can flow around the engine parts under all conditions. The viscosity index is a measure of how much the oil's viscosity changes as temperature changes. A higher viscosity index indicates the viscosity changes less with temperature than a lower viscosity index.
Basically, since most of us don't run over 5,000km a month and even if we do, it’s not always on Highways or long-haul journeys, a Mineral Multi-Grade Oil is the best and the most practical in terms cost efficiency; Simply because, Oil needs to heat-up to specific temperature to perform efficiently and effectively.
A Mineral Multi-Grade helps with the changes in the temperature, especially during cold start-up's; though, not a serious issue in Sri Lanka. Therefore, a Multi-Grade spec anywhere from 15w-40 is a good option.
A Mineral Engine Oil should ideally be changed every Six Months; even though you may not have completed the full 5,000+ Km's and especially since, most Oil Filter manufacturers recommend 6 Month usage cycles.
Two points to note regarding Engine Oil:A) Most Engine Oil manufactures add Additives into the oils which help collect and remove dirt and particles from the engine, which get collected in the filters irrespective of the distance traveled.
B) The change distance given by the Oil Manufacture for 5,000+ Km's is to do with the viscosity of the Oil, which eventually wears off during the running of the engine thereby becoming ineffective, which is why we need to change the Oil ever so often. When the Oil loses its viscosity effectiveness, the Oil becomes thicker and sludgy.
However, it should be noted that there are specialty oils that can allow a vehicle to extend oil change intervals upto 8,000Km's
2. TRANSMISSION OIL (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Also known as Gear Oil and unlike Engine Oil, only needs to be changed possibly every 40,000Km's - 60,000Km's. This is because; Transmission Oil does not wear easily like Engine Oil as its main job is for lubrication of parts.
It is of a higher viscosity to better protect the gears. The high viscosity ensures transfer of lubricant throughout the gear train. This is necessary since the devices needing this heavy oil do not have pumps for transferring the oil with only a portion of the lowermost gears bathed in an oil sump. Therefore, a Multi-Grade spec anywhere from 75w-90 is a good option.
3. DIFFERENTIAL OIL (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Also, unlike Engine Oil, only needs to be changed possibly every 40,000Km's - 60,000Km's. This is because; Differential Oil does not wear easily like Engine Oil as its main job is for lubrication of parts.
However, if your vehicle does go in Mud and Water frequently, chances of foreign contaminants entering the differential are high, resulting in a quicker change of the Differential Oil. Therefore, a Multi-Grade spec anywhere from 75w-90 is a good option.
A point to note is that the Differential Oil Spec changes depending on whether you have Regular or Limited Slip Differential. This would be the case if you use any type of after-market Differential Lockers.
4. HYDRAULIC FLUID (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
U.S. Department of Transportation – DOT; DOT 3, DOT 4, DOT 5 & DOT 5.1 Hydraulic Fluid is typically used in hydraulic brake and hydraulic clutch applications in automobiles. It is used to transfer force into pressure, and to amplify braking force. It works because liquids are not appreciably compressible — in their natural state the component molecules do not have internal voids and the molecules pack together well, so bulk forces are directly transferred to compress the fluid's chemical bonds.
Brake fluids with different DOT ratings cannot always be mixed. It must be of the same type, and at least the same rating. DOT 5.1 can replace DOT 4 and 3; DOT 4 can replace DOT 3.
DOT 5 should not be mixed with any of these as mixing of glycol with silicone fluid may cause corrosion because of trapped moisture.
Therefore, any DOT 3, DOT 4 or DOT 5.1 is a good option. However, where possible, occasionally empty and re-fill. Topping up from a used bottle should be avoided over long intervals as the effectiveness of the Hydraulic Fluid diminishes.
5. POWER STEERING FLUID (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Another Type of Hydraulic Fluid; over time, the seals, O-rings and internal power-steering components will wear out. When they break apart, they contaminate the power-steering fluid, which forces the power-steering pump to work harder (having to pump little chunks instead of just fluid) and eventually break down.
There is no service interval as such; however, if you hear a whining or moaning noise when you turn the steering wheel, you should have your power-steering system checked. Your power-steering pump may be about to fail.
6. COOLANT (CHANGE EVERY 50,000+ KM’S)
Coolant, also widely referred to as anti-freeze, is the fluid which is circulated throughout a liquid-cooled engine to remove excess heat and prevent damage. On newer autos, it is often used to cool the transmission fluids, as well.
Whether it is 100% Coolant or to be mixed partly with water depends on the Coolant Manufactures recommendation on the bottle. However, water mixed Coolant will be more economical. If there is no discoloration at regular service intervals, frequent Coolant change is not required. But never ever run on 100% water as it will corrode and damage your radiator.
For Extended Reading, if what I’ve provided is insufficient, the following link is useful - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SAE_viscosity_number
The above Recommendations are standard and listed for General Information Purposes.This information is also based on my Nissan Patrol Y60. Please follow manufacture recommendations where applicable and apply accordingly.
Nissan Patrol Series
(1951 - 1960) Nissan Patrol 4W - First Generation
(1959 - 1980) Nissan Patrol 60 - Second Generation
(1986 - 2002) Nissan Patrol 260 - Third Generation
(1987 - 1997) Nissan Patrol Y60 - Fourth Generation
(1997 - 2013) Nissan Patrol Y61 - Fifth Generation
(2010 Onwards) Nissan Patrol Y62 - Sixth Generation
(1959 - 1980) Nissan Patrol 60 - Second Generation
(1986 - 2002) Nissan Patrol 260 - Third Generation
(1987 - 1997) Nissan Patrol Y60 - Fourth Generation
(1997 - 2013) Nissan Patrol Y61 - Fifth Generation
(2010 Onwards) Nissan Patrol Y62 - Sixth Generation
ලස්සනම මොඩ්ල් එක Y60 නේ්හ්. අළුත් ඒවා බෝල ගතිය වැඩියි. අරක මඩට නං මඩට, ගොඩට නං ගොඩට. කැත නැතුව ඕන තැනක බස්සන්න පුලුවං
මාවත් මානසිකව වැටිලා ඉන්නේ. ඇයි ලංකාවේ මිනිස්සු ලොකු ලොකු ස්පෝට් කාර් හදන්න නොයා ලංකාවේ පාරවල් වලට හරියන ඇලේ දොලේ හරි යන්න පුලුවං මේ වගේ යන්තර හදන් නැත්තෙ.රත්තරං;17738913 said:
තාක්ශනය , දක්ශයෝ නෑ කියන්න බෑ නේ. 1980 ගනං වල ප්ලේන් හදපු වැඩ්ඩො ඉන්න රටේ
